Carbon dioxide separation and recovery system and method

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016136565-A1
Application number	US-201414901336-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 16, 2014
Priority date	Jun 25, 2013
Publication date	May 19, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A carbon dioxide separation and recovery system includes: an adsorption reactor, which adsorbs, by an adsorbent, carbon dioxide contained in a to-be-treated gas, discharges the to-be-treated gas from which the carbon dioxide has been removed, and discharges the adsorbent that has adsorbed the carbon dioxide; a desorption reactor, which receives the adsorbent discharged from the adsorption reactor, condenses desorbing steam on the adsorbent to cause carbon dioxide to desorb from the adsorbent, and then discharges the adsorbent; and an adsorbent dryer, which receives the adsorbent discharged from the desorption reactor, dries the adsorbent until a water content ratio thereof becomes a predetermined value greater than or equal to a water content ratio limit by causing, with use of a drying gas, condensation water contained in the adsorbent to evaporate as steam, and then discharges the adsorbent.

First claim

1 . A carbon dioxide separation and recovery system for separating carbon dioxide from a to-be-treated gas containing the carbon dioxide with use of a carbon dioxide adsorbent and regenerating the adsorbent after the adsorbent has adsorbed the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide separation and recovery system comprising:
an adsorption reactor that adsorbs, by the adsorbent, carbon dioxide contained in the to-be-treated gas and discharges the to-be-treated gas from which the carbon dioxide has been removed; a desorption reactor that condenses desorbing steam on the adsorbent that has adsorbed the carbon dioxide to cause the carbon dioxide to desorb from the adsorbent; and an adsorbent dryer that dries the adsorbent until a water content ratio thereof becomes a predetermined value greater than or equal to a water content ratio limit by causing, with use of a drying gas, condensation water contained in the adsorbent from which the carbon dioxide has desorbed to evaporate as steam.

2 . A carbon dioxide separation and recovery system for separating carbon dioxide from a to-be-treated gas containing the carbon dioxide with use of a carbon dioxide adsorbent and regenerating the adsorbent after the adsorbent has adsorbed the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide separation and recovery system comprising:
an adsorption reactor that adsorbs, by the adsorbent, carbon dioxide contained in the to-be-treated gas and discharges the to-be-treated gas from which the carbon dioxide has been removed; a to-be-treated gas feeding unit that feeds the to-be-treated gas to the adsorption reactor; a desorption reactor that condenses desorbing steam on the adsorbent that has adsorbed the carbon dioxide; a steam feeder that feeds the desorbing steam to the desorption reactor; a carbon dioxide recovery unit that recovers carbon dioxide that has desorbed from the adsorbent in the desorption reactor; an adsorbent dryer that dries the adsorbent until a water content ratio thereof becomes a predetermined value greater than or equal to a water content ratio limit by causing, with use of a drying gas, condensation water contained in the adsorbent from which the carbon dioxide has desorbed to evaporate as steam; and a drying gas feeder that feeds the drying gas to the adsorbent dryer.

3 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a thermometer that detects a temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer; and an adsorbent dryer controller configured to adjust at least one of a feeding flow rate of the drying gas, a temperature of the drying gas, and a retention time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer, such that the temperature detected by the thermometer is a temperature corresponding to the water content ratio limit of the adsorbent.

4 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent dryer is a moving bed adsorbent dryer in which the adsorbent serves as a moving bed,
the carbon dioxide separation and recovery system further comprising: a thermometer that detects a temperature of the adsorbent near an outlet of the adsorbent dryer; and an adsorbent dryer controller configured to adjust at least one of a feeding flow rate of the drying gas, a temperature of the drying gas, and a retention time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer, such that the temperature detected by the thermometer is a temperature corresponding to the water content ratio limit of the adsorbent.

5 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a water amount meter that detects an amount of water in an exhaust gas discharged from the adsorbent dryer; and an adsorbent dryer controller configured to adjust at least one of a feeding flow rate of the drying gas, a temperature of the drying gas, and a retention time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer, such that the amount of water detected by the water amount meter is an amount of water in the desorbing steam that is fed to the desorption reactor.

6 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a water content ratio meter that detects the water content ratio of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer; and an adsorbent dryer controller configured to adjust at least one of a feeding flow rate of the drying gas, a temperature of the drying gas, and a retention time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer, such that the water content ratio detected by the water content ratio meter is the predetermined value greater than or equal to the water content ratio limit.

7 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent dryer is a moving bed adsorbent dryer in which the adsorbent serves as a moving bed, the carbon dioxide separation and recovery system further comprising:
a water content ratio meter that detects the water content ratio of the adsorbent near an outlet of the adsorbent dryer; and an adsorbent dryer controller configured to adjust at least one of a feeding flow rate of the drying gas, a temperature of the drying gas, and a retention time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent dryer, such that the water content ratio detected by the water content ratio meter is the predetermined value greater than or equal to the water content ratio limit.

8 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 1 , wherein
the to-be-treated gas serves as the drying gas.

9 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 8 , further comprising a to-be-treated gas passage, through which the to-be-treated gas discharged from the adsorbent dryer is fed to the adsorption reactor.

10 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery system according to claim 8 , wherein
each of the adsorption reactor, the desorption reactor, and the adsorbent dryer is a moving bed chamber in which the adsorbent serves as a moving bed, and the adsorption reactor and the adsorbent dryer are integrated together, the carbon dioxide separation and recovery system further comprising a transfer unit that transfers the adsorbent discharged from the desorption reactor to the adsorbent dryer.

11 . A carbon dioxide separation and recovery method comprising:
adsorbing, by a carbon dioxide adsorbent, carbon dioxide in a to-be-treated gas containing the carbon dioxide; desorbing the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent by bringing the adsorbent into contact with desorbing steam to condense the desorbing steam on the adsorbent; and drying the adsorbent until a water content ratio thereof becomes a predetermined value greater than or equal to a water content ratio limit by bringing a drying gas into contact with the adsorbent to cause condensation water contained in the adsorbent to evaporate as steam.

12 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery method according to claim 11 , wherein
drying the adsorbent includes drying the adsorbent until a temperature of the adsorbent becomes a temperature corresponding to the water content ratio limit of the adsorbent.

13 . The carbon dioxide separation and recovery method according to claim 11 , wherein
drying the adsorbent includes drying the adsorbent until an amount of water that has evaporated from the adsorbent becomes an amount of water contained in the desorbing steam condensed on the adsorbent.

Assignees

• Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd

Inventors

• Okumura Takeshi
• Nonaka Yoshiharu
• Ogino Tomoyuki
• Nishibe Shohei
• Shoji Takatoshi
• Watanabe Tatsuya

Classifications

• B01D53/08 Primary

  according to the "moving bed" method · CPC title

• B01D2257/504

  Carbon dioxide · CPC title

• Y02C20/40

  of CO2 · CPC title

• Y02P20/151

  Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2 · CPC title

• B01D53/0462

  Temperature swing adsorption · CPC title