Fullerene-like nanoparticles and inorganic nanotubes as host electrode materials for sodium/magnesium ion batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016133925-A1
Application number	US-201514973152-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 17, 2015
Priority date	Jun 18, 2013
Publication date	May 12, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The invention generally concerns the fabrication of sodium or magnesium ion batteries comprising inorganic fullerene like nanoparticles and nanotubes.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An electrode comprising inorganic multilayered nanostructures wherein said inorganic multilayered nanostructures are selected from inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles (IF-nanoparticles), inorganic nanotubes (INTs), and any combination thereof;
wherein said nanostructures are of the formula MX n , wherein M is of the general formula A 1-x -B x , wherein x being ≦0.3, provided that x is not zero and A≠B, wherein X is a chalcogenide atom selected from S, Se and Te; A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms; B is a metal atom or transition metal atom; and n is an integer selected from 1 and 2.

2 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein:
A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms, said atom being selected from Mo, W, Re, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Pt, Ru, Rh, In, Ga, Sn, Pb, and alloys thereof; and wherein B is a metal atom or transition metal atom, said atom being selected from Si, Li, Nb, Ta, W, Mo, Sc, Y, Hf, Ir, Mn, Ru, Re, Os, V, Au, Rh, Pd, Cr, Co, Fe and Ni.

3 . The electrode of claim 2 , wherein said nanostructures are doped with a B element selected from Re and Nb or alloyed with a B element selected from Fe and Co.

4 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein said electrode further comprises a carbonaceous material, a fluoropolymer or mixtures thereof.

5 . The electrode of claim 4 wherein said carbonaceous material is selected from carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene.

6 . The electrode of claim 4 , wherein said fluoropolymer is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, P(VDF-trifluoroethylene) copolymer, P(VDF-tetrafluoroethylene) copolymer, fluorinated ethylene-propylene, polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene, perfluoropolyether, and combinations thereof.

7 . The electrode of claim 4 , wherein said electrode comprises 70 wt % inorganic multilayered nanostructures, 15 wt % carbon black and 15 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride.

8 . The electrode of claim 2 , wherein B is an element selected from Re, and Nb such that said nanostructures are doped by said B, or wherein said B is an element selected from Fe and Co, such that said nanostructures are alloyed with said B.

9 . The electrode of claim 8 , wherein said nanostructures are selected from Re doped nanostructures selected from Mo 1-x Re x S 2 , W 1-x Re x S 2 , Nb doped nanostructures selected from Mo 1-x Nb x S 2 , W 1-x Nb x S 2 , or Fe or Co alloyed nanostructures selected from Ti 1-x Fe x S 2 , Mo 1-x Co x S 2 .

10 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein 0<x≦0.01.

11 . The electrode of claim 10 , wherein 0<x≦0.005.

12 . An electrochemical cell comprising:
a cathode comprising inorganic multilayered nanostructures; an anode; and an electrolyte comprising sodium ions or magnesium ions;
wherein said cathode and said anode are at least partially submerged within said electrolyte, and wherein said multilayered inorganic nanostructures are selected from inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles (IF-nanoparticles), inorganic nanotubes (INTs), and any mixture thereof; and
wherein said inorganic multilayered nanostructures are of the formula MX n , wherein M is of the general formula A 1-x -B x , wherein x being ≦0.3, provided that x is not zero and A≠B, wherein
X is a chalcogenide atom selected from S, Se and Te;
A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms;
B is a metal atom or transition metal atom; and
n is an integer selected from 1 and 2 .

13 . The electrode of claim 12 , wherein
A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms, said atom being selected from Mo, W, Re, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Pt, Ru, Rh, In, Ga, Sn, Pb, and alloys thereof and wherein B is a metal atom or transition metal atom, said atom being selected from Si, Li, Nb, Ta, W, Mo, Sc, Y, Hf, Ir, Mn, Ru, Re, Os, V, Au, Rh, Pd, Cr, Co, Fe and Ni.

14 . The electrochemical cell of claim 13 , wherein said nanostructures are doped with a B element selected from Re and Nb or alloyed with a B element selected from Fe and Co.

15 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein 0<x≦0.01.

16 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein 0<x≦0.005.

17 . The electrochemical cell of claim 14 , wherein said B is an element selected from Re, and Nb such that said nanostructures are doped by said B, or wherein said B is an element selected from Fe and Co, such that said nanostructures are alloyed with said B.

18 . The electrochemical cell of claim 17 , wherein said nanostructures are selected from Mo 1-x Re x S 2 , W 1-x Re x S 2 , Mo 1-x Nb x S 2 , W 1-x Nb x S 2 , Ti 1-x Fe x S 2 and Mo 1-x Co x S 2 .

19 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein said cathode further comprises a carbonaceous material, a fluoropolymer or mixtures thereof.

20 . The electrochemical cell of claim 19 , wherein said carbonaceous material is selected from carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene.

21 . The electrochemical cell of claim 19 , wherein said fluoropolymer is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, P(VDF-trifluoroethylene) copolymer, P(VDF-tetrafluoroethylene) copolymer, fluorinated ethylene-propylene, polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene, perfluoropolyether, and combinations thereof.

22 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein said electrolyte comprises sodium ions, magnesium ions or a combination thereof, in a non-aqueous liquid medium and wherein said cell is a sodium-ion cell or a magnesium-ion cell.

23 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , having a reversible capacity of at least 100 mA h g −1 at 20° C.

24 . The electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein said electrochemical cell is an energy storage device.

25 . The electrochemical cell of claim 24 , wherein said electrochemical cell is a battery.

26 . A process for electrochemically intercalation of sodium or magnesium ions into inorganic multilayered nanostructures selected from inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles (IF-nanoparticles), inorganic nanotubes (INTs), and any combination thereof, the process comprising:
providing an electrochemical cell comprising:
a cathode comprising said inorganic multilayered nanostructures;
an anode; and
an electrolyte;
applying electrical current to said cell;
wherein said nanostructures are of the formula MX n , wherein M is of the general formula A 1-x -B x , wherein x being ≦0.3, provided that x is not zero and A≠B, wherein X is a chalcogenide atom selected from S, Se and Te;
A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms;
B is a metal atom or transition metal atom; and
n is an integer selected from 1 and 2.

27 . The process of claim 26 wherein:
A is a metal atom or transition metal atom or an alloy of metal atoms or transition metal atoms, said atom being selected from Mo, W, Re, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Pt, Ru, Rh, In, Ga, Sn, Pb, and alloys thereof; and wherein
B is a metal atom or transition metal atom, said atom being selected from Si, Li, Nb, Ta, W, Mo, Sc, Y, Hf, Ir, Mn, Ru, Re, Os, V, Au, Rh, Pd, Cr, Co, Fe and Ni; and wherein

28 . The process of claim 27 , wherein said nanostructures are doped with a B element selected from Re and Nb or all

Assignees

• Yeda Res & Dev

Inventors

• Tenne Reshef
• Rosentsveig Rita
• Yadgarov Lena
• Hong Sung You
• Lee Kyu Tae

Classifications

• C01P2004/04

  obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM · CPC title

• C01P2006/40

  Electric properties · CPC title

• C01G39/06

  Sulfides · CPC title

• C01P2004/03

  obtained by SEM · CPC title

• C01B17/22

  Alkali metal sulfides or polysulfides · CPC title