Lithium air battery and method of preparing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016064785-A1
Application number	US-201514719492-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	May 22, 2015
Priority date	Aug 27, 2014
Publication date	Mar 3, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A lithium air battery including a composite cathode including a porous material and a first solid electrolyte; a lithium metal anode; an oxygen blocking layer adjacent to the anode; and a cathode interlayer disposed between the cathode and the oxygen blocking layer, wherein the cathode interlayer includes a lithium ion conducting second solid electrolyte.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A lithium air battery comprising:
a composite cathode comprising a porous material and a first solid electrolyte; a lithium metal anode; an oxygen blocking layer adjacent to the anode; and a cathode interlayer disposed between the cathode and the oxygen blocking layer, wherein the cathode interlayer comprises a lithium ion conductive second solid electrolyte.

2 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode interlayer does not comprise a gel.

3 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode interlayer is non-porous.

4 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the cathode interlayer is less than a thickness of each of the composite cathode and the oxygen blocking layer.

5 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the cathode interlayer is 50 μm or less.

6 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the first solid electrolyte or the second solid electrolyte comprises at least one selected from a polymer electrolyte, an inorganic electrolyte, and an organic-inorganic composite electrolyte.

7 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the second solid electrolyte and the first solid electrolyte comprise a same solid electrolyte.

8 . The lithium air battery of claim 6 , wherein the first solid electrolyte or the second solid electrolyte comprises polymer electrolyte which comprises a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 600,000 Daltons.

9 . The lithium air battery of claim 6 , wherein the polymer electrolyte comprises at least one selected from an ionically conducting polymer, a polymeric ionic liquid, and a gelated organic electrolyte.

10 . The lithium air battery of claim 9 , wherein the ionically conducting polymer comprises a lithium salt and at least one selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylalcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, or Li-substituted tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid copolymer.

11 . The lithium air battery of claim 9 , wherein the polymeric ionic liquid comprises at least one selected from poly(diallyldimethylammonium)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide, and N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.

12 . The lithium air battery of claim 9 , wherein the gelated organic electrolyte comprises at least one selected from ethylmethylsulfone and tetraethyleneglycoldimethylether.

13 . The lithium air battery of claim 6 , wherein the inorganic electrolyte comprises at least one selected from a glassy electrolyte, an amorphous electrolyte, a ceramic electrolyte, and a glass-ceramic electrolyte.

14 . The lithium air battery of claim 6 , wherein the inorganic electrolyte comprises at least one selected from Cu 3 N, Li 3 N, LiPON, Li 3 PO 4 .Li 2 S.SiS 2 , Li 2 S.GeS 2 .Ga 2 S 3 , Li 2 O.11Al 2 O 3 , Na 2 O.11Al 2 O 3 , (Na z Li 1−z ) 1+x Ti 2−x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 wherein, 0.1≦x≦0.9 and 0≦z≦1, Li 1+x′ Hf 2−x′ Al x′ (PO 4 ) 3 wherein 0.1≦x′≦0.9, Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 , Li 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 , Na 5 ZrP 3 O 12 , Na 5 TiP 3 O 12 , Na 3 Fe 2 P 3 O 12 , Na 4 NbP 3 O 12 , a sodium silicate, Li 0.3 La 0.5 TiO 3 , Na 5 MSi 4 O 12 wherein M is a rare earth element Li 5 ZrP 3 O 12 , Li 5 TiP 3 O 12 , Li 3 Fe 2 P 3 O 12 , Li 4 NbP 3 O 12 , Li 1+x″ (M′Al z′ Ga 1−z′ ) x″ (Ge 1−y Ti y ) 2−x″ (PO 4 ) 3 wherein 0≦x″≦0.8, 0≦y≦1.0, 0≦z′≦1, and M′ is at least one selected from Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, or Yb, Li 1+q+y′ Q q Ti 2−q Si y′ P 3−y′ O 12 wherein 0<q≦0.4, 0<y′≦0.6, and Q is Al or Ga, Li 6 BaLa 2 Ta 2 O 12 , Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li 5 La 3 Nb 2 O 12 , Li 5 La 3 M 2 O 12 wherein M is Nb or Ta, and Li 7+r A r La 3−r Zr 2 O 12 wherein 0<r<3, and A is Zn.

15 . The lithium air battery of claim 6 , wherein the organic-inorganic electrolyte comprises at least one selected from an ion conducting polymer, a polymeric ionic liquid, and an inorganic electrolyte.

16 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode interlayer consists of an ion conducting polymer and a lithium salt.

17 . The lithium air battery of claim 16 , wherein the lithium salt comprises at least one selected from lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiNO 3 , lithium bis(oxalato)borate, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiN(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiN(SO 3 CF 3 ) 2 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiAlCl 4 , and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.

18 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous material comprises a carbonaceous material.

19 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the porous material to the first solid electrolyte is in a range of about 1:2 to about 1:5.

20 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen blocking layer is impervious to oxygen.

21 . The lithium air battery of claim 1 , further comprising an anode interlayer between the anode and the oxygen blocking layer, wherein the anode interlayer comprises a third solid electrolyte.

22 . A method of preparing a lithium air battery, the method comprising:
disposing a cathode interlayer comprising a second solid electrolyte on an oxygen blocking layer; disposing a lithium metal anode on the oxygen blocking layer; and disposing a composite cathode on the cathode interlayer to prepare the lithium battery.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Kim Taeyoung
• Lee Dongjoon
• Lee Heungchan
• Im Dongmin
• Choi Wonsung

Classifications

• H01M4/382

  Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M2300/0094

  in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings · CPC title

• H01M4/8647

  consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M10/056

  characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes · CPC title