Electrolytes comprising metal amide and metal chlorides for multivalent battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016020485-A1
Application number	US-201414335604-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jul 18, 2014
Priority date	Jul 18, 2014
Publication date	Jan 21, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

An electrolyte includes compounds of formula M 1 X n and M 2 Z m ; and a solvent wherein M 1 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; M 2 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; X is a group forming a covalent bond with M 1 ; Z is a halogen or pseudo-halogen; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An electrolyte comprising:
M 1 X n ; M 2 Z m ; and a solvent; wherein:
M 1 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn;
M 2 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn;
X is an amide, alkoxide, or phenoxide;
Z is a halogen or pseudo-halogen;
n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and
m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

2 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is Mg and M 2 is Mg.

3 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein Z is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, or SCN.

4 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein M 1 X n is a compound of formula M 1 (NR 1 R 2 ) n , wherein R 1 and R 2 are individually H, Me, Et, MeO, CF 3 , tert-Bu, n-Bu, or (CH 3 ) 3 Si, and n is 1, or 2.

5 . The electrolyte of claim 4 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are (CH 3 ) 3 Si and n is 2.

6 . The electrolyte of claim 4 , wherein M 2 is Mg and Z is Cl.

7 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein M 1 X n is a compound of formula M 1 (O(CH 2 ) n′ CH 3 ), wherein n′ is from 0 to 20, inclusive.

8 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein M 1 X n is a compound of formula:

wherein:
each R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 is individually H, Me, Et, MeO, CF 3 , tert-butyl, sec-butyl, or n-butyl.

9 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, glyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, a crown ether, dimethoxyethane, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, sulfolane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene, toluene, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, tetramethylene sulfone, pentamethyldiethylene triamine, or hexamethyltriethylene tetramine.

10 . The electrolyte of claim 1 which is void of AlCl 3 .

11 . A rechargeable battery comprising:
a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte comprising:
M 1 X n ;
M 2 Z m ; and
a solvent;
wherein:
M 1 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn;
M 2 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn;
X is an amide, alkoxide, or phenoxide;
Z is a halogen or pseudo-halogen;
n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and
m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

12 . The rechargeable battery of claim 11 which is void of AlCl 3 .

13 . The rechargeable battery of claim 11 , wherein the cathode comprises V 2 O 5 , Mo 6 S 8-x Se x (0≦x≦1), a hydrated vanadium bronze, orthorhombic MoO 3 , cation deficient spinel Mn 2.15 Co 0.37 O 4 , MgMnSiO 4 , MgCoSiO 4 , MnO 2 , Mg 0.5 Ti 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , or fluorinated graphite.

14 . The rechargeable battery of claim 11 , wherein the cathode comprises Mo 6 S 8 .

15 . The rechargeable battery of claim 11 , wherein the anode comprises Mg 0 , TiO 2 , TiS 2 , or amorphous carbon.

16 . The rechargeable battery of claim 11 which is a rechargeable magnesium ion battery.

17 . An electrolyte comprising Mg p (hexamethyldisilazane) n Cl q or Mg(2,4-di-t-butylphenoxide) 2 , wherein p is 3, 5, 7, or 9; n is 2, 4, 6, or 8, and q is 2, 4, 6, or 8.

18 . The electrolyte of claim 17 further comprising a solvent.

19 . The electrolyte of claim 17 comprising Mg(hexamethyldisilazane) 2/5 Cl 8/5 or Mg(hexamethyldisilazane) 4/3 Cl 2/3 .

20 . A rechargeable battery comprising:
a cathode; an anode; and the electrolyte of claim 17 .

21 . The battery of claim 20 which is a rechargeable magnesium ion battery.

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Liao Chen
• Zhang Zhengcheng
• Burrell Anthony
• Vaughey John T

Classifications

• H01M2300/002

  Inorganic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/056 Primary

  characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M10/054 Primary

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M4/5825

  Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines · CPC title