Air electrode, lithium air battery comprising the air electrode, and method of manufaturing the air electrode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016013487-A1
Application number	US-201514689524-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 17, 2015
Priority date	Jul 11, 2014
Publication date	Jan 14, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

An air electrode including: a carbonaceous material having an electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group coated on a surface thereof; a lithium salt; and an electrolyte, wherein the carbonaceous material has a specific surface area of about 500 m 2 /g or greater, and the electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group is electrochemically stable in a voltage range of about 1.5 V to about 4.5 V with respect to lithium.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An air electrode comprising:
a carbonaceous material having an electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group disposed on a surface thereof; a lithium salt; and an electrolyte, wherein the carbonaceous material has a specific surface area of about 500 square meters per gram or greater, and the electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group is electrochemically stable in a voltage range of about 1.5 volts to about 4.5 volts with respect to lithium.

2 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group is represented by one of Formulas 1 to 3:
—R 1 —SO 3 M   Formula 1
—R 2 —SO 2 —NM 2   Formula 2
—R 3 —SO 2 —N(M)—SO 2 —R 4   Formula 3

wherein, in Formulas 1, 2, and 3,
M is lithium,
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently a covalent bond, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 arylene group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroarylene group, and
R 4 is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl group.

3 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte-philic ion-dissociative functional group is at least one of —SO 3 Li, —C 6 H 5 SO 3 Li, and —C 6 H 5 SO 2 —N(Li)—SO 2 CF 3 .

4 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material comprises at least one of carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanosheets, carbon nanorods, and carbon nanobelts.

5 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material is porous.

6 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein an I D /I G ratio of D band to G band in a Raman spectrum of the carbonaceous material is greater than 1.10.

7 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one of an ion-conductive polymer, an ionic liquid, and an organic liquid electrolyte.

8 . The air electrode of claim 7 , wherein the ion-conductive polymer comprises at least one of polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

9 . The air electrode of claim 7 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises at least one of diethyl methyl ammonium trifluoromethane sulfonate, dimethyl propyl ammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, diethyl methyl ammonium trifluoromethane sulfonylimide, and methyl propyl piperidinium trifluoromethane sulfonylimide.

10 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is a solid electrolyte.

11 . The air electrode of claim 10 , wherein the electrolyte is a polymer electrolyte.

12 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is a solvent-free electrolyte.

13 . The air electrode of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt comprises at least one of LiTFSI, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , and LiNO 3 .

14 . A lithium air battery comprising:
a negative electrode that allows incorporation and deincorporation of lithium ions; the air electrode of claim 1 ; and a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the air electrode.

15 . A method of manufacturing an air electrode, the method comprising:
contacting a starting carbonaceous material with a proton-dissociative functional group-containing compound to obtain a carbonaceous material comprising a plurality of proton-dissociative functional groups; and treating the carbonaceous material comprising the plurality of proton-dissociative functional groups with a neutralizing agent to obtain a carbonaceous material having an ion-dissociative functional group represented by one of Formula 1 to 3:
—R 1 —SO 3 M   Formula 1

—R 2 —SO 2 —NM 2   Formula 2

—R 3 —SO 2 —N(M)—SO 2 —R 4   Formula 3

wherein, in Formulas 1, 2, and 3,
M is lithium,
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently a covalent bond, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-010 alkylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 arylene group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroarylene group, and
R 4 is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-010 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl group.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the starting carbonaceous material comprises at least one of carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanosheets, carbon nanorods, and carbon nanobelts.

17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the proton-dissociative functional group-containing compound comprises at least one of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid and chlorosulfuric acid.

18 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the neutralizing agent comprises at least one of LiOH, LiClO 4 , and LiCl.

19 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the method comprises:
contacting a starting carbonaceous material with a proton-dissociative functional group-containing compound to obtain a carbonaceous material having a plurality of proton-dissociative functional groups coated on a surface thereof; and treating the carbonaceous material having the plurality of proton-dissociative functional groups coated on the surface thereof with a neutralizing agent to obtain a carbonaceous material having an ion-dissociative functional group coated on the surface thereof and represented by one of Formulas 1 to 3.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Lee Hyunpyo
• Lee Dongjoon
• Im Dongmin

Classifications

• H01M2004/021

  Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area · CPC title

• H01M12/06

  with one metallic and one gaseous electrode · CPC title

• C09C1/56 Primary

  Treatment of carbon black {; Purification} · CPC title

• H01M4/583 Primary

  Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M12/02

  Details (of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00) · CPC title