Water-borne polyamide-urea dispersions

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016009953-A1
Application number	US-201414766918-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 3, 2014
Priority date	Feb 13, 2013
Publication date	Jan 14, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Polymers are disclosed that incorporate large portions of elastomeric polyamide oligomers connected with polyisocyanates. These polymers have enhanced properties over similar polyurethanes due to better hydrolysis resistance of polyamides over polyesters and better UV resistance of polyamides over polyethers. Polyurea linkages can also improve properties over polyurethane linkages. Composites and hybrids of these polymers and other polyamides with vinyl polymers are also disclosed and claimed.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A colloidally stabilized polymer dispersion in water comprising a polyamide oligomer with amine terminal groups reacted with a polyisocyanate to form a polymer with a urea link between said polyamide oligomer and said polyisocyanate, said polymer being then dispersed in water to form a polymer dispersion in water, wherein said dispersion has a number average particle size of less than 100 microns.

2 . (canceled)

3 . A polymer dispersion in water according to claim 1 , wherein said polyamide oligomer is characterized as comprising at least two amide linkages characterized as being derived from reacting an amine with a carboxyl group, and said polyamide oligomer comprising repeat units derived from polymerizing one or more of monomers selected from lactams, aminocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and diamines.

4 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 3 wherein said polyamide oligomer comprises repeat units linked together with chemical linkages comprising amide linkages and optionally linked with other chemical linkages; wherein desirably at least 10% of the total number of the heteroatom containing linkages connecting hydrocarbon type linkages (more desirably at least 45, 50, 55, 60, 75, 80, 90, or 95%) are characterized as being amide linkages and at least 25% of the amide linkages are characterized as being tertiary amide linkages.

5 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein said polyamide oligomer comprises amide linkages and at least 76 mole % of said amide linkages are characterized as being tertiary amide linkages and said polyamide is characterized as being within a, b or c
a) when said amide linkages are derived from polymerizing one or more monomers and more than 90 mole % of said monomers are derived from polymerizing monomers selected from lactam and aminocarboxylic acid monomer then said polyamide is defined as a copolymer of at least two different monomers, or b) when said amide linkages are derived from polymerizing two or more monomers and more than 90 mole % of said monomers were derived from polymerizing dicarboxylic acid and diamine monomers then said polyamide is defined as a terpolymer of at least three different monomers, or c) with the proviso that if said amide linkages are derived from polymerizing a combination of dicarboxylic acid, diamine and either lactam and/or aminocarboxylic acid monomers such that the total dicarboxylic acid monomer(s) and the diamine monomer(s) are present at 10 mole % or more and the total lactam and aminocarboxylic acid monomers are present in the monomer blend at 10 mole % or more, then there are no restrictions requiring additional different monomers.

6 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the total repeat units from said lactam, aminocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, and diamine in said amide linkages in said polyamide comprises at least 10 wt. % of said polymer.

7 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the total repeat units from said lactam, aminocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, and diamine in said amide linkages in said polyamide oligomer comprises at least 30 wt. % of said polymer.

8 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50 wt. % of said polyamide oligomer comprises repeat units of the structure

wherein R a is the alkylene portion of the dicarboxylic acid and is a cyclic, linear, or branched, optionally including aromatic groups alkylene of 2 to 36 carbon atoms, optionally including up to 1 heteroatom per 3 or 10 carbon atoms of the diacid, more preferably from 4 to 36 carbon atoms and
wherein R b is a direct bond or a linear or branched, optionally being or including cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic portion(s) alkylene group, optionally containing up to 1 or 3 heteroatoms per 10 carbon atoms of 2 to 60 carbon atoms and R c and R d are individually a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or R c and R d connect together form a single linear or branched alkylene group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or optionally with one of R c and R d is connected to R b at a carbon atom, more desirably R c and R d being an alkyl group of 1 or 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

9 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 8 , wherein said

unit is derived from polymerizing diamine monomers including piperazine.

10 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50 wt. % of said polyamide oligomer comprises repeat units of the structure

with the repeat unit going from left to right or right to left in the oligomer, derived from lactams or amino carboxylic acid wherein each R e independently is linear or branched alkyl of 4 to 12 carbon atoms and each R f independently is a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

11 . A polymer dispersion in water according to claim 1 , wherein said polymer dispersion further comprising a dispersant species for colloidally stabilizing said dispersion, said dispersant species being selected from the group of anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic, or blends thereof.

12 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , further comprising a) one or more polyester segment, b) one or more polycarbonate segment, c) one or more polyether segment, or blends thereof chemically bound into said polymer or physically blended with said polymer of said dispersion.

13 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , further comprising a nonionic oligomer chemically bound to said polymer to create a dispersing moiety.

14 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , further comprising an anionic species chemically bound to said polymer and optionally comprising a nonionic oligomer chemically bound to said polymer.

15 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , further comprising a cationic species chemically bound to said polymer and optionally comprising a nonionic oligomer chemically bound to said polymer.

16 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 14 , wherein said anionic species comprises a carboxylic acid group and a counterion.

17 . A polymer dispersion according to any of claim 15 , wherein said cationic species comprises a salt of a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium group.

18 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , further comprising a second polymer, said second polymer being without polyamide segments, said second polymer optionally either being blended in a dispersed phase with said colloidally stabilized polymer dispersion or separately dispersed in water and thereafter blended with said colloidally stabilized polymer dispersed in water, wherein said second polymer is present in an amount of at least 5 wt. % based on the total polymeric solids in the dispersion and optionally where said second polymer is added as free radically polymerizable monomer(s) and thereafter is free radically polymerized into a second polymer, wherein said free radically polymerizable monomer(s) are added to said polymer from reacting said polyamide oligomer with amine terminal groups with a polyisocyanate prior to dispersion of said polymer in water or said monomer(s) being added to said polymer dispersion after it exists as a dispersion.

19 . A polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , form

Assignees

• Lubrizol Advanced Mat Inc

Inventors

• Erdodi Gabor
• Pourahmady Naser
• Lai John Ta-Yuan
• Pajersky Anthony D

Classifications

• C08G69/34

  using polymerised unsaturated fatty acids · CPC title

• C09J175/12

  from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group · CPC title

• C08G69/265

  from at least two different diamines or at least two different dicarboxylic acids · CPC title

• C08G18/603 Primary

  Polyamides · CPC title

• C08G73/0633

  with only two nitrogen atoms in the ring · CPC title