A direct current circuit breaker and its implementation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016006236-A1
Application number	US-201314771105-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 3, 2013
Priority date	Feb 27, 2013
Publication date	Jan 7, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present invention provides a direct current circuit breaker and its implementation method, which includes the cutout circuit, the commutation circuit and the energy absorption circuit connected in parallel, wherein the cutout circuit includes cutout inductance and cutout unit connected in series, the commutation circuit includes commutation inductance, commutation unit and mechanical switch connected in series, commutation unit has a smaller on-resistance compared to cutout unit. The direct current circuit breaker topology of the present invention is novelty, concise, fully functional, easy to control and can flexible extend to apply to different voltage occasion. Through using power semiconductor switch module to cut off the current, It will have a quickly action, without generating electric arc, while the modular construction also reduces the consistency requirements of the power electronic component, and easy to realize the voltage-sharing of the power semiconductor in series, the capacitor included in the module also plays a role of limiting the current. Commutation circuit and cutout circuit through the full-bridge structure can realize the shunt, reduce the current stress of the power electronic component, and also reduce the component cost.

First claim

1 . A direct current circuit breaker, said breaker includes the cutout circuit, the commutation circuit and the energy absorption circuit connected in parallel, is characterized that, said cutout circuit includes cutout inductance and cutout unit connected in series; said commutation circuit includes commutation inductance, commutation unit and mechanical switch connected in series.

2 . A direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1 , is characterized that,
said cutout unit and commutation unit all include the half/full bridge structure converter; the number of converters included in the cutout unit is greater than it included in the commutation unit.

3 . A direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1 , is characterized that,
said full bridge structure converter includes the capacitor and H bridge structure power semiconductor switch module; said H bridge structure power semiconductor switch module includes four power semiconductor switch modules; each two are in series together and constitute a branch, two branches are parallel, and respectively, extract the intermediate point of the two branches as the input end and output end; the number of said capacitor is at least one, and it connects with the power semiconductor switch module branch after a series.

4 . A direct current circuit breaker according to claim 3 , is characterized that,
said H bridge structure power semiconductor switch module includes four diodes and at least one power semiconductor switch; each two diodes are in series that consists a branch, two branches are parallel, and the intermediate point of the two branches is extracted as the input end or output end; the power semiconductor switch parallel with the capacitor, and parallel with said branch made up by the diodes.

5 . A direct current circuit breaker according to claim 2 , is characterized that,
said half bridge structure converter includes two power semiconductor switch modules and at least one capacitor; said two power semiconductor switch modules, after in series together, parallel with the capacitor; the intermediate point between one end of the capacitor and power semiconductor switch module in series is as the input end or output end.

6 . Any direct current circuit breaker according to anyone of claim 3 , is characterized that,
said power semiconductor switch module includes power semiconductor switch parallel opposite and fly back diode.

7 . A direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1 , is characterized that,
said energy absorption circuit includes lightning arrester and slide rheostat.

8 . A limiting current device made up of the direct current circuit breaker of claim 1 , characterized that,
said device including at least two direct current circuit breaker connected in series with each other, the series connection branch formed by said direct current circuit breaker is connected with the current path of the transmission line or distribution line, said current limiting arrangement suits for handling a certain number of said direct current circuit breaker when the current is beyond the current limit in the current path, to make the current of said mechanical switch and commutation unit of said at least two direct current circuit breakers reverse to the energy absorption circuit.

9 . A limiting current device made up of the direct current circuit breaker according to anyone of claim 1 , is characterized that,
including at least one set parallel commutation unit and energy absorption circuit, and mechanical switch and cutout unit in series; each set parallel commutation unit is in series the energy absorption circuit; when the current is beyond the current limit in the current path, handling said mechanical switch, said commutation unit and the parallel cutout unit and energy absorption circuit, to make the current flowed through the mechanical switch and the commutation unit reverse to the cutout unit and the energy absorption circuit in series.

10 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker, is characterized that, said method includes the steps of:
(a) The control circuit controls the converter of the commutation unit turn on, closing the mechanical switch; (b) The control circuit tests the current value of every path, when it needs to break the direct current in the circuit, the control circuit triggers the converter of the cutout unit. if the signal to lock the converter of the commutation unit is received, then the converter of the commutation unit is locked; the capacitors of the commutation inductance and commutation unit form the oscillation to move the current into the cutout circuit; (c) turning off said mechanical switch; (d) if the signal to lock the converter of the cutout unit is received, then the converter of the cutout unit is locked, to switch the current to the cutout unit capacitor, to pass the current in the circuit through the capacitor in the cutout unit, and to make the capacitor voltage rise; (e) when the capacitor voltage rises to the energy absorption circuit action voltage, and the current is switched into the energy absorption circuit.

11 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
if step (b) exceeds the first current limit, the control circuit sends the signal to turn off the converter of said commutation unit; the extreme value of the first current is greater than or equal to the rated current of the circuit connect to the convertor station.

12 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
claim 10 step (c) turning off said mechanical switch after the first period time form locking said commutation unit.

13 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
claim 10 step (c) controlling circuit to judge when the current switch to cutout circuit form commutation circuit, the control circuit turns off said mechanical switch.

14 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
under the condition of said commutation unit converter locking or not receiving the cutout unit converter locking signal within the second period time after said mechanical switch turned off, said the mechanical switch turned on again, the converter of said commutation unit is unlocked.

15 . An application method of the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
after closing the high speed mechanical switch and unlocking said commutation unit converter, still receiving or receiving again the turn off signal of the commutation unit converter, after that, locking the converter commutation unit, turning the high speed mechanical switch off, and after that since receiving the turn off signal of said cutout unit converter, then turning the cutout unit converter off.

16 . A said application method according to anyone of claim 10 , wherein the first current limiting arrangement according to claim 9 is used, is characterized that,
when the current exceeding the current limit in said current path, handles the first specific number of said at least two devices, and locks the corresponding cutout unit converter form this, and can make the current reverse to said corresponding energy absorption circuit.

17 . An application method of the second current limiting arrangement according to claim 10 , is characterized that,
when the current exceeds the current limit in said current path, the c

Assignees

• State Grid Corp China
• State Grid Smart Grid Res Inst
• China Epri Electric Power Eng
• North China Grid Company Ltd

Inventors

• Tang Guangfu
• Gao Chong
• Luo Xiang
• Wei Xiaoguang
• Qiu Yufeng
• Cao Junzheng

Classifications

• H01H9/542

  Contacts shunted by static switch means · CPC title

• H01H83/20

  operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition · CPC title

• H01H33/596 Primary

  for interrupting DC · CPC title

• H02J1/00

  Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks · CPC title

• H02H9/02

  responsive to excess current {(current limitation for voltage regulators G05F1/573; disconnection after limiting H02H3/025)} · CPC title