Overshoot detection in voltage regulators

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12578745-B2
Application number	US-202418592209-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 29, 2024
Priority date	Mar 3, 2023
Publication date	Mar 17, 2026
Grant date	Mar 17, 2026

Abstract

A voltage regulator feedback circuit includes a first comparator, a second comparator and a logic circuit. The first comparator is configured to generate an overshoot signal based on a comparison of a voltage regulation target signal to a feedback voltage signal. The second comparator is configured to generate a forward current signal based on a comparison of the current sense amplifier voltage to a reference voltage. The logic circuit is configured to generate a breaking signal based on the overshoot signal and the forward current signal. A gate signal of a transistor connected between a second end of the inductor and a reference ground is generated based at least in part on the breaking signal and is configured to cause the transistor to open based at least in part on the breaking signal having a true value.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A semiconductor device comprising:
a voltage regulator circuit comprising:
a power input;
a reference ground;
an inductor comprising a first end and a second end, the second end being connected to a load;
a first transistor disposed between the power input and the first end of the inductor;
a second transistor disposed between the reference ground and the first end of the inductor;
a capacitor disposed between a second end of the inductor and the reference ground; and
a feedback circuit that is configured to output a gate signal for the second transistor, the gate signal being configured to control a gate of the second transistor to open and close the second transistor, the feedback circuit comprising:
a first comparator, the first comparator being configured to generate an overshoot signal based on a comparison of a voltage regulation target signal to a feedback voltage signal, the feedback voltage signal being determined based at least in part on an output voltage measured at the second end of the inductor and a current sense amplifier voltage corresponding to a load current measured at the second end of the inductor;
a second comparator, the second comparator being configured to generate a forward current signal based on a comparison of the current sense amplifier voltage to a reference voltage; and
a logic circuit, the logic circuit being configured to generate a breaking signal based on the overshoot signal and the forward current signal, the gate signal being generated based at least in part on the breaking signal, the gate signal being configured to cause the second transistor to open based at least in part on the breaking signal having a true value.

2 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the gate signal is generated based at least in part on the breaking signal and a pulse-width modulation signal.

3 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the second transistor is configured to function as a diode when open, a voltage differential across the inductor being equal to a combination of a voltage differential across the diode and a voltage differential across the capacitor.

4 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the logic circuit is configured to generate the breaking signal with a true value based on the overshoot signal and the forward current signal both having true values.

5 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the first comparator is configured to generate the overshoot signal with a true value based on the voltage regulation target signal being less than the feedback voltage signal.

6 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the second comparator is configured to generate the forward current signal with a true value based on the current sense amplifier voltage being greater than the reference voltage.

7 . The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the inductor is configured to discharge energy to the capacitor at a first rate when the second transistor is closed and a second rate when the second transistor is open, the second rate being faster than the first rate.

8 . A method of voltage regulation comprising:
obtaining a current sense amplification voltage signal corresponding to a load-line current; determining, based on a comparison of the current sense amplification voltage signal to a reference value, that the load-line current is flowing in a forward direction from a first end of an inductor to a capacitor; obtaining a voltage regulation target signal; obtaining a feedback signal based on an output voltage of the load-line; determining, based on a comparison of the voltage regulation target signal to the feedback signal, that a voltage overshoot is in progress; and opening a transistor disposed between a second end of the inductor and a reference ground based on the determination that the load-line current is flowing in the forward direction and the determination that the voltage overshoot is in progress, the opening of the transistor increasing a voltage differential across the inductor to increase a rate of dissipation of energy stored in the transistor to the capacitor.

9 . The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
re-obtaining the current sense amplification voltage signal; determining, based on a comparison of the re-obtained current sense amplification voltage signal to the reference value, that the load-line current has stopped or is flowing in a reverse direction from the capacitor to the first end of the inductor; and closing the transistor disposed between the second end of the inductor and the reference ground based on the determination that the load-line current has stopped or is flowing in the reverse direction from the capacitor to the first end of the inductor.

10 . The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
re-obtaining the feedback signal; determining, based on a comparison of the voltage regulation target signal to the re-obtained feedback signal, that a voltage overshoot is no longer in progress; and closing the transistor disposed between the second end of the inductor and the reference ground based on the determination that the voltage overshoot is no longer in progress.

11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein determining, based on the comparison of the current sense amplification voltage signal to the reference value, that the load-line current is flowing in a forward direction from a first end of an inductor to a capacitor comprises determining that the current sense amplification voltage signal is greater than the reference value.

12 . The method of claim 8 , wherein determining, based on the comparison of the voltage regulation target signal to the feedback signal, that the voltage overshoot is in progress comprises determining that the voltage regulation target signal is less than the feedback signal.

13 . The method of claim 8 , wherein opening the transistor disposed between the second end of the inductor and the reference ground based on the determination that the load-line current is flowing in the forward direction and the determination that the voltage overshoot is in progress comprises determining that the current sense amplification voltage signal is greater than the reference value and that the voltage regulation target signal is less than the feedback signal.

14 . A voltage regulator feedback circuit comprising:
a first comparator, the first comparator being configured to generate an overshoot signal based on a comparison of a voltage regulation target signal to a feedback voltage signal, the feedback voltage signal being determined based at least in part on an output voltage measured at a first end of an inductor of a voltage regulator and a current sense amplifier voltage corresponding to a load current measured at the first end of the inductor; a second comparator, the second comparator being configured to generate a forward current signal based on a comparison of the current sense amplifier voltage to a reference voltage; and a logic circuit, the logic circuit being configured to generate a breaking signal based on the overshoot signal and the forward current signal, a gate signal of a transistor connected between a second end of the inductor and a reference ground being generated based at least in part on the breaking signal, the gate signal being configured to cause the transistor to open based at least in part on the breaking signal having a true value.

15 . The voltage regulator feedback circuit of claim 14 , wherein the gate signal is generated based at least in part on the breaking signal and a pulse-width modulation signal obta

Assignees

• Renesas Electronics America Inc

Inventors

• Kleine John Stuart

Classifications

• H02M1/322

  Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock · CPC title

• H02M3/155

  using semiconductor devices only · CPC title

• G05F1/462 Primary

  as a function of the requirements of the load, e.g. delay, temperature, specific voltage/current characteristic · CPC title

• H02H9/04

  responsive to excess voltage (lightning arrestors H01C7/12, H01C8/04, H01G9/18, H01T) · CPC title

• G05F1/613

  using semiconductor devices in parallel with the load as final control devices (G05F1/461 takes precedence) · CPC title