On-board charger for electric vehicle, relay control method thereof, and bidirectional charging system for electric vehicle comprising same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12556005-B2
Application number	US-202418607755-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 18, 2024
Priority date	Aug 14, 2023
Publication date	Feb 17, 2026
Grant date	Feb 17, 2026

Abstract

An on-board charger for an electric vehicle includes a vehicle port configured to be connected to an external charger comprising a first relay located on an internal first power supply path, a power converter, a second relay located on a second power supply path between the vehicle port and the power converter, and a controller configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to triggering a vehicle-to-grid (V 2 G) protection operation based on power-related parameters.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An on-board charger for an electric vehicle, the on-board charger comprising:
a vehicle port configured to be connected to an external charger comprising a first relay located on an internal first power supply path; a power converter; a second relay located on a second power supply path between the vehicle port and the power converter; a control pilot (CP) signal output unit configured to output to the external charger through a CP line a first CP signal having a relay-off voltage level or a second CP signal having a relay-on voltage level; and a controller configured to:
turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to triggering a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation based on power-related parameters; and
control a level of an output voltage of the CP signal output unit for turning off the first relay so that the CP signal output unit outputs the first CP signal to the external charger,
wherein:
the CP signal output unit comprises:
two resistors configured in parallel between the CP line and a ground; and
a switch configured in series between one of the two resistors and the ground, and

the controller is further configured to control the switch to control a voltage level of the CP signal output from the CP signal output unit.

2 . The on-board charger of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
directly turn off the second relay and output the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit.

3 . The on-board charger of claim 2 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
turn off the second relay after outputting the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit, wherein the first relay is configured as a main relay.

4 . The on-board charger of claim 3 , wherein the controller further is configured to transmit relay-off information indicating that the V2G protection operation has been performed to the external charger before turning off the second relay.

5 . The on-board charger of claim 2 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
output the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit after turning off the second relay, wherein the second relay is configured as a main relay.

6 . The on-board charger of claim 1 , wherein the CP signal output unit is located between the CP line and the ground.

7 . The on-board charger of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
compare a power-related parameter value obtained during operation with prestored V2G diagnosis parameter information; and trigger the V2G protection operation in response to the obtained power-related parameter value falling outside of an allowable range included in the V2G diagnosis parameter information.

8 . A relay control method of an on-board charger (OBC) for an electric vehicle, the relay control method comprising:
determining whether to trigger a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation based on power-related parameters obtained while performing an operation; and in response to determining to trigger the V2G protection operation, turning off a first relay and a second relay, wherein:
the first relay is located on a first power supply path in an external charger connected to the OBC, and
the second relay is located on a second power supply path inside the OBC, and
wherein the OBC comprises:
a control pilot (CP) signal output unit configured to output to the external charger through a CP line a first CP signal having a relay-off voltage level or a second CP signal having a relay-on voltage level; and
a controller configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay,
wherein the turning off comprises:
controlling, by the controller, a level of an output voltage of the CP signal output unit for turning off the first relay; and
outputting, by the CP signal output unit, the first CP signal to the external charger, and

wherein the CP signal output unit comprises:
two resistors configured in parallel between the CP line and a ground; and
a switch configured in series between one of the two resistors and the ground,
wherein controlling the level of the output voltage of the CP signal output unit comprises controlling the switch to control a voltage level of the CP signal output from the CP signal output unit.

9 . The relay control method of claim 8 , wherein the turning off further comprises directly turning off the second relay and outputting the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit.

10 . The relay control method of claim 9 , wherein the turning off further comprises turning off the second relay after outputting the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit when the first relay is configured as a main relay.

11 . The relay control method of claim 10 , wherein the turning off further comprises transmitting relay-off information indicating that the V 2 G protection operation has been performed to the external charger before turning off the second relay.

12 . The relay control method of claim 9 , wherein the turning off further comprises outputting the first CP signal to the external charger by the CP signal output unit after turning off the second relay when the second relay is configured as a main relay.

13 . The relay control method of claim 8 , wherein determining whether to trigger the V2G protection operation comprises:
comparing a power-related parameter value obtained during operation with prestored V2G diagnosis parameter information; and determining to trigger the V2G protection operation when the obtained power-related parameter value falls outside of an allowable range included in the V2G diagnosis parameter information.

14 . The relay control method of claim 8 , further comprising receiving and storing V2G diagnosis parameter information from the external charger prior to determining whether to trigger the V2G protection operation.

15 . A bidirectional charging system for an electric vehicle, the bidirectional charging system comprising:
an external charger comprising a first relay located on a first power supply path in the external charger; an on-board charger (OBC) comprising a second relay located on a second power supply path in the OBC, wherein:
the OBC is configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to determining that a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation is required based on power-related parameters obtained while performing an operation, and
the OBC further comprises:
a control pilot (CP) signal output unit configured to output to the external charger through a CP line a first CP signal having a relay-off voltage level or a second CP signal having a relay-on voltage level; and

a controller configured to:
turn off the first relay and the second relay; and
control a level of an output voltage of the CP signal output unit for turning off the first relay so that the CP signal output unit outputs the first CP signal to the external charger, and
wherein:
the CP signal output unit comprises:
two resistors configured in parallel between the CP line and a ground; and

a switch configured in series between one of the two resistors and the ground, and
the controller is further configured to control the switch to control a voltage level of the CP signal output from the CP signal output unit.

16 . The bidirectional charging system of claim 15 , wherein the OBC is configured to directly turn off the second relay and output the first CP signal to the external c

Assignees

• Hyundai Motor Co Ltd
• Kia Corp

Inventors

• Jang Young Jin
• Lee Dong Jun
• Kim Sung Hwan

Classifications

• H02J7/865

  Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply (H02J7/50 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H02J7/663

  using battery or load disconnect circuits (H02J9/002 takes precedence) · CPC title

• B60L53/66

  Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles · CPC title

• H02H7/22

  for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices {(detecting mechanical or electrical defects in gas-insulated switchgears H02B13/065)} · CPC title

• B60L53/16

  Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles · CPC title