Apparatus for an extracorporeal blood treatment

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12496382-B2
Application number	US-202017425380-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 24, 2020
Priority date	Jan 24, 2019
Publication date	Dec 16, 2025
Grant date	Dec 16, 2025

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for an extracorporeal blood treatment having an extracorporeal blood circuit in which a dialyzer is arranged and having a dialyzate circuit, wherein the blood circuit is in fluid communication with a first chamber and the dialyzate circuit is in fluid communication with a second chamber of the dialyzer, and wherein the two chambers are separated from one another by a semipermeable membrane, with a dialyzate pump for a conveying of the dialysis solution being present in the dialyzate circuit, wherein the apparatus has a control unit that is configured to operate the apparatus in a first phase and in a second phase following the first phase, wherein the dialyzate pump is operated with a smaller flow rate in the first phase than in the second phase and/or wherein the dialyzate pump conveys a dialysis solution in the first phase that is of a higher concentration with respect to at least one component than in the second phase.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1 . An apparatus for an extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient, said apparatus comprising:
an extracorporeal blood circuit including a dialyzer, a dialyzate circuit, a control unit, and an online clearance monitor configured to take clearance measurements in real time and to send measurement values of clearance to the control unit, wherein the dialyzer comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, and a semipermeable membrane, the extracorporeal blood circuit is in fluid communication with the first chamber of the dialyzer, the dialyzate circuit includes the second chamber of the dialyzer and further comprises a dialyzate pump that is in fluid communication with the second chamber of the dialyzer, and a dialyzate supply system comprising either (i) different dialysis solutions of different concentrations, stored in different bags, or (ii) a reservoir of dialysis solution and means to vary respective concentrations of one or more ingredients of the dialysis solution, the first chamber and the second chamber are separated from one another by the semipermeable membrane, the dialyzate pump is configured to convey a dialysis solution through the dialyzate circuit; the control unit is configured to operate the apparatus in a first phase of hemodialysis and in a second phase of hemodialysis, the control unit is configured to set a duration of the first phase of hemodialysis based on one or more patient parameters including a concentration of at least one component, the at least one component being present at a concentration in the patient's blood, the control unit is configured to operate the dialyzate pump at a first flow rate during the first phase of hemodialysis, the control unit is configured to operate the apparatus in the second phase of hemodialysis following the first phase of hemodialysis, the control unit is configured to operate the dialyzate pump at a second flow rate during the second phase of hemodialysis, the control unit is configured to set a concentration of the at least one component, in the dialysis solution in the first phase, to be of a relatively higher first concentration, and the control unit is configured to control the dialyzate supply system to provide a concentration of the at least one component, in the dialysis solution in the second phase, to be of a second concentration that is relatively lower than the first concentration and that is set in dependence on the measurement values of clearance sent to the control unit from the online clearance monitor.

2 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to vary each of the first flow rate and the first concentration in the first phase and/or to vary each of the second flow rate and the second concentration in the second phase.

3 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the control unit is configured to vary the first flow rate and the first concentration.

4 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that no variation of the second flow rate and no variation of the second concentration, takes place in the second phase.

5 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that the first phase extends over a time span of from 15 minutes to 60 minutes.

6 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is further configured to operate the apparatus in a conditioning phase in which no dialysis takes place but hemofiltration takes place, before the first phase.

7 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that the second concentration is set in the second phase in dependence on dialysis dosage (K t/V) reached during the treatment, where t is the treatment time, K is the clearance, and V is the distribution volume of the patient.

8 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that the transition from the first phase into the second phase takes place continuously or step-wise with respect to setting the second concentration and/or with respect to setting the second flow rate.

9 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to operate the apparatus as a hemodialysis machine or as a hemodiafiltration machine, and optionally as a hemofiltration machine.

10 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that the first phase extends over a time span of from 20 minutes to 40 minutes.

11 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that the first phase extends over a time period of 30 minutes.

12 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that each of the first flow rate and the first concentration is constant in the first phase.

13 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to maintain each of the first flow rate and the first concentration to be constant in the first phase and/or to maintain each of the second flow rate and the second concentration to be constant in the second phase.

14 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the control unit is configured to vary the first flow rate and the first concentration in the first phase.

15 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the control unit is configured to vary the second flow rate and the second concentration in the second phase.

16 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that each of the first flow rate and the first concentration is varied in the first phase and the variation takes place linearly, exponentially, or step-wise.

17 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that each of the second flow rate and the second concentration is constant in the second phase.

18 . The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured such that each of the second flow rate and the second concentration is varied in the second phase and the variation takes place linearly, exponentially, or step-wise.

Assignees

• Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh

Inventors

• Spickermann Reiner
• Mueller Carsten
• Kopperschmidt Pascal
• Maierhofer Andreas
• Gagel Alfred
• Wiesen Gerhard
• Smyslova Liubov

Classifications

• A61M2230/20

  Blood composition characteristics · CPC title

• A61M2205/3379

  Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates · CPC title

• A61M2205/3334

  Measuring or controlling the flow rate · CPC title

• A61M1/3413

  Diafiltration · CPC title

• A61M1/341

  by measuring the filtrate rate or volume · CPC title