Interleaved cryogenic cooling system for quantum computing applications

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12474750-B2
Application number	US-202117230085-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 14, 2021
Priority date	Apr 15, 2020
Publication date	Nov 18, 2025
Grant date	Nov 18, 2025

Abstract

A cryogenic cooling system for use in quantum computing applications can include a plurality of cryogenic cooling stages. Each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages can include a plurality of interleaved cooling units. The plurality of interleaved cooling units can include a first cooling unit and a second cooling unit. Each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units can have an associated operating temperature range. One or more signal lines that couple one or more classical processors to one or more quantum systems can pass through each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units for each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A quantum computing system, comprising:
one or more classical processors; one or more quantum systems comprising one or more qubits; one or more signal lines coupling the one or more classical processors to the one or more quantum systems; and a cryogenic cooling system configured to cool the one or more quantum systems to a temperature of less than about 1 kelvin, the cryogenic cooling system comprising a plurality of cryogenic cooling stages, each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprising a plurality of interleaved cooling units, the plurality of interleaved cooling units comprising a first cooling unit and a second cooling unit, and wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprises a first coolant loop associated with the first cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units and a second coolant loop associated with the second cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units, the second coolant loop being independent from the first coolant loop; wherein the interleaved cooling units are arranged in an alternating stack in a vertical orientation through the cryogenic cooling system; wherein each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units has an associated operating temperature range; wherein the one or more signal lines pass through each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units for each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages.

2 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein the first cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units is configured to operate with a greater amount of cooling power than the second cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units and wherein the second cooling unit is configured to operate at a lower operating temperature than the first cooling unit.

3 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprises a first stage, a second stage, a third stage, a fourth stage, a fifth stage, and a sixth stage.

4 . The quantum computing system of claim 3 , wherein the first stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 40 kelvin to about 60 kelvin, the second stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 10 kelvin to about 20 kelvin, the third stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 2.5 kelvin to about 4.2 kelvin, the fourth stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 600 millikelvin to about 800 millikelvin, the fifth stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 100 millikelvin to about 300 millikelvin, and the sixth stage is associated with an operating temperature range of from about 10 millikelvin to about 100 millikelvin.

5 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprise a first pulse tube stage, an intermediate clamp stage, a second pulse tube stage, a still stage, an intermediate heat exchanger stage, and a mixing chamber stage.

6 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , further comprising a Joule-Thompson cooling stage.

7 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , further comprising a helium liquefier stage, the helium liquefier stage having an operating temperature of 1 kelvin.

8 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more qubits comprises between 10 and 100 qubits.

9 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages are located in a single vacuum canister.

10 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein the cryogenic cooling system is configured to cool the one or more quantum systems to a temperature of about 10 millikelvin or less.

11 . The quantum computing system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first cooling unit or the second cooling unit of any of the plurality of interleaved cooling units comprises one or more dilution refrigerator stages.

12 . A cryogenic cooling system, comprising:
a plurality of cryogenic cooling stages, each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprising a plurality of interleaved cooling units, the plurality of interleaved cooling units comprising a first cooling unit and a second cooling unit, and wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprises a first coolant loop associated with the first cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units and a second coolant loop associated with the second cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units, the second coolant loop being independent from the first coolant loop; wherein the interleaved cooling units are arranged in an alternating stack in a vertical orientation through the cryogenic cooling system; wherein each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units has an associated operating temperature range; wherein one or more signal lines pass through each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units for each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages.

13 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , wherein the first cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units is configured to operate with a greater amount of cooling power than a respective second cooling unit of each of the plurality of interleaved cooling units and wherein the respective second cooling unit is configured to operate at a lower operating temperature than the first cooling unit.

14 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprises:
a first stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 40 kelvin to about 60 kelvin; a second stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 10 kelvin to about 20 kelvin; a third stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 2.5 kelvin to about 4.2 kelvin; a fourth stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 600 millikelvin to about 800 millikelvin; a fifth stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 100 millikelvin to about 300 millikelvin; and a sixth stage associated with an operating temperature range of from about 10 millikelvin to about 100 millikelvin.

15 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages comprise a first pulse tube stage, an intermediate clamp stage, a second pulse tube stage, a still stage, an intermediate heat exchanger stage, and a mixing chamber stage.

16 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , further comprising a Joule-Thompson cooling stage, the Joule-Thompson cooling stage having an operating temperature of 2 kelvin.

17 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , further comprising a helium liquefier stage, the helium liquefier stage having an operating temperature of about 1 kelvin.

18 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , wherein each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages are located in a single vacuum canister.

19 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , further comprising a helium liquefier stage, the helium liquefier stage having an operating temperature of 1 kelvin.

20 . The cryogenic cooling system of claim 12 , wherein each of the plurality of cryogenic cooling stages are located in a single vacuum canister.

Assignees

• Google Llc

Inventors

• Jeffrey Evan Robert

Classifications

• H05K7/20372

  Cryogenic cooling; Nitrogen liquid cooling · CPC title

• F25B9/12

  using 3He-4He dilution · CPC title

• F25B9/10

  with several cooling stages · CPC title

• H03K19/195

  using superconductive devices · CPC title

• H05K7/2079

  within rooms for removing heat from cabinets · CPC title