Device for real-time monitoring and early warning of bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12460990-B2
Application number	US-202318184643-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 15, 2023
Priority date	Mar 17, 2022
Publication date	Nov 4, 2025
Grant date	Nov 4, 2025

Abstract

A device for real-time monitoring and early warning a bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators, comprising a signal generator, a data acquisition and transmission module, and a data processing and early warning module sequentially connected. The signal generator comprises an internal unit and an external unit, and the external unit comprises a lower sleeve, a device sidewall and a lower magnet; the lower magnet is fixed at the bottom of the lower sleeve; the internal unit comprises a cover plate, an upper magnet, an upper sleeve and a flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators; the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators is inserted into the gap between the lower sleeve and the device sidewall; the cover plate is located at the upper end of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators; the upper sleeve is inserted into the lower sleeve; and the upper magnet is fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper sleeve.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A device for real-time monitoring and early warning of a bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators, comprising:
a signal generator comprising an internal unit and an external unit, wherein the internal unit is inserted into the external unit, a data acquisition and transmission module, and a data processing and early warning module, wherein the signal generator, the data acquisition and transmission module, and the data processing and early warning module are sequentially connected, wherein the external unit comprises: a device sidewall, a lower sleeve fixed in the device sidewall, and a lower magnet fixed at a bottom of the lower sleeve, wherein a plurality of vertical grooves are provided at an upper section of the lower sleeve, and wherein the internal unit comprises: a cover plate, an upper magnet, an upper sleeve, and a flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators, and wherein the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators is inserted into a gap between the lower sleeve and the device sidewall, the cover plate is arranged at an upper end of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators, and the upper sleeve is fixed at a middle position of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators through a bracket, the bracket is matched with the plurality of grooves at the upper section of the lower sleeve, the upper sleeve is inserted into the lower sleeve to form a sliding connection; and the upper magnet is fixed at a bottom of the upper sleeve, wherein two materials with opposite polarities are provided between an upper surface and a lower surface of adjacent layers of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators, and two materials with opposite polarities are provided between a side wall of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators and the device sidewall, wherein the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators comprises a multilayer flexible structure that is elastic and extendible, and wherein two materials used in the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators are copper and nylon, and the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators is designed to be multilayer and extendible, wherein when the internal unit is subjected to axial vibration, the internal unit slides downwards along an axis through the cover plate to squeeze the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators, in such a manner that an upper surface and an lower surface of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators with opposite polarities are subjected to contact separation motion to generate a voltage signal, and wherein when the internal unit is subjected to radial vibration, the cover plate shakes left and right along a radial direction, in such a manner that a side wall of the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators and the device sidewall are subjected to contact separation motion due to opposite material polarities to generate a voltage signal.

2 . The device for real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators according to claim 1 , wherein when the axial vibration disappears, a repulsive force generated by the upper magnet and the lower magnet at levels that stabilize the matched polarities of the foldable triboelectric nanogenerator resets the internal unit.

3 . The device for real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators according to claim 1 , wherein the data acquisition and transmission module comprises:
a data acquisition chip configured to collect voltage signals generated by the flexible multilayer triboelectric nanogenerators in two different directions, and a data transmission chip configured to transmit the voltage signals collected by the data acquisition chip to the data processing and early warning module through a wireless real-time transmission for analysis and early warning.

4 . The device for real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators according to claim 1 , further comprising an energy supply module for supplying power for the data acquisition chip and the data transmission chip, to ensure the data acquisition chip and the data transmission chip to operate.

5 . The device for real-time monitoring and early warning the bridge based on foldable triboelectric nanogenerators according to claim 1 , wherein the data processing and early warning module receives a voltage signal transmitted by a data transmission chip in real time, the voltage signal has a magnitude positively correlated with a vibration amplitude of the bridge, and when the voltage signal is higher than a preset voltage threshold, it is determined that the vibration amplitude of the bridge is excessive, and results are transmitted to a relevant department to avoid safety accidents.

Assignees

• Univ Zhejiang

Inventors

• Jiao Pengcheng
• Zhang Hao
• Li Wentao

Classifications

• G01M7/06 Primary

  Multidirectional test stands · CPC title

• G01M5/0008 Primary

  of bridges · CPC title

• Y02A30/30

  in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways · CPC title

• G01M5/0066

  by exciting or detecting vibration or acceleration (vibration testing of structures G01M7/00) · CPC title

• H02N1/04

  Friction generators · CPC title