Injecting fuel-steam mixture into turbine engine combustor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12449126-B2
Application number	US-202318120840-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 13, 2023
Priority date	Mar 13, 2023
Publication date	Oct 21, 2025
Grant date	Oct 21, 2025

Abstract

An assembly is provided for a turbine engine. This assembly includes a combustor, a fuel injector nozzle and a fuel system. The combustor includes a combustion chamber. The fuel injector nozzle is configured to inject a fuel-steam mixture into the combustion chamber for combustion. The fuel system includes a fuel source, a steam source and a manifold. The manifold is configured to mix fuel received from the fuel source with steam received from the steam source to provide the fuel-steam mixture. The fuel system is configured to deliver the fuel-steam mixture to the fuel injector nozzle.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An assembly for a turbine engine, comprising:
an annular combustor comprising an annular combustion chamber;
a fuel injector nozzle configured to inject a fuel-steam mixture into the annular combustion chamber for combustion; and
a fuel system including a non-hydrocarbon fuel source, a steam source and a manifold, the steam source including a water reservoir fluidly coupled to an evaporator, the manifold configured to mix a non-hydrocarbon fuel received from the non-hydrocarbon fuel source with steam received from the steam source to provide the fuel-steam mixture, and the fuel system configured to deliver the fuel-steam mixture to the fuel injector nozzle,
wherein the non-hydrocarbon fuel comprises hydrogen gas.

2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the fuel system further includes a flow regulator fluidly coupled with and between the non-hydrocarbon fuel source and the fuel injector nozzle.

3. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein the flow regulator comprises a control valve.

4. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein the manifold is fluidly coupled with and between the flow regulator and the fuel injector nozzle.

5. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein the flow regulator is configured to regulate a flow of the fuel to the manifold.

6. The assembly of claim 3 , wherein the flow regulator is fluidly coupled with and between the manifold and the fuel injector nozzle.

7. The assembly of claim 3 , wherein the flow regulator is configured to regulate a flow of the fuel-steam mixture to the fuel injector nozzle.

8. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein
the fuel injector nozzle includes a centerline axis, a nozzle tip and an outlet orifice;
the fuel injector nozzle projects axially along the centerline axis to the nozzle tip; and
the fuel injector nozzle is configured to direct at least some the fuel-steam mixture out of the fuel injector nozzle through the outlet orifice along a trajectory comprising an axial component along the centerline axis.

9. The assembly of claim 8 , wherein the trajectory further comprises a radial component away from the centerline axis.

10. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein
the fuel injector nozzle includes a centerline axis, a nozzle tip and an outlet orifice;
the fuel injector nozzle projects axially along the centerline axis to the nozzle tip; and
the fuel injector nozzle is configured to direct at least some the fuel-steam mixture out of the fuel injector nozzle through the outlet orifice along a trajectory comprising a radial component away from the centerline axis.

11. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein
the non-hydrocarbon fuel source includes a reservoir and a heater;
the heater is fluidly coupled with and between the reservoir and the manifold; and
the heater is configured to heat liquid hydrogen received from the reservoir to provide the hydrogen gas.

12. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
a flowpath projecting out from the annular combustor; and
a condenser configured to condense water vapor flowing through the flowpath downstream of the annular combustion chamber into water;
wherein the evaporator is configured to evaporate at least some of the water into the steam.

13. The assembly of claim 12 , further comprising:
a turbine engine core including a compressor section, a combustor section and a turbine section;
the combustor section comprising the annular combustor; and
the flowpath extending sequentially through the compressor section, the combustor section, the turbine section and the condenser from an inlet into the flowpath to an exhaust from the flowpath.

14. The assembly of claim 13 , wherein the flowpath further extends through the evaporator.

15. An assembly for a turbine engine, comprising:
a non-hydrocarbon fuel source;
a steam source including a water reservoir fluidly coupled to an evaporator;
a manifold comprising an internal volume fluidly coupled with and downstream of the non-hydrocarbon fuel source and the steam source, the manifold configured to receive a non-hydrocarbon fuel from the non-hydrocarbon fuel source and the manifold configured to mix the non-hydrocarbon fuel with steam received from the steam source to provide the fuel-steam mixture; and
a combustor section including an annular combustor and a plurality of fuel injector nozzles, the annular combustor comprising an annular combustion chamber, each of the plurality of fuel injector nozzles including an outlet orifice and an internal passage fluidly coupled with and between the internal volume and the outlet orifice, and each of the plurality of fuel injector nozzles configured to direct the fuel-steam mixture out of the internal passage, through the outlet orifice, for combustion within the annular combustion chamber,
wherein the non-hydrocarbon fuel source is a gas fuel source and the non-hydrocarbon fuel comprises hydrogen gas.

Assignees

• Raytheon Tech Corp
• Rtx Corp

Inventors

• Smith Lance L

Classifications

• F23R3/30

  comprising fuel prevapourising devices · CPC title

• F05D2240/35

  Combustors or associated equipment · CPC title

• F05D2270/16

  to control water or steam injection · CPC title

• F02C7/222

  Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds · CPC title

• F02C3/30

  Adding water, steam or other fluids {for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases (F02C7/141, F02C7/30, F01D21/00, F01K21/04, F23D11/10 take precedence)} · CPC title