Nanoscale pore structure cathode for high power applications and material synthesis methods

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12412920-B2
Application number	US-202418420677-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 23, 2024
Priority date	Jun 26, 2015
Publication date	Sep 9, 2025
Grant date	Sep 9, 2025

Abstract

A lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode and methods and systems related thereto are disclosed. In one example, a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode is provided including, a dopant comprising vanadium and optionally a co-dopant comprising cobalt.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrochemical energy storage device, comprising:
a positive electrode with an electrochemically active material layer comprising a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material doped with vanadium and cobalt;
a negative electrode;
an ionic electrolyte solution that supports the movement of ions back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes, and
a porous separator that electrically isolates the positive and negative electrodes, wherein the lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material is in the form of primary and secondary particles having respective pore structures, such that the lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material has a bimodal pore size distribution, and wherein the bimodal pore size distribution has a first pore volume at a first pore width of about 2.5 nm, the first pore volume being larger than a pore volume of lithium iron phosphate synthesized from a spheniscidite precursor at the first pore width.

2. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a total non-lithium metal to phosphate molar ratio of 1.001-1.020:1.

3. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a total non-lithium metal to phosphate molar ratio of 1.0025-1.005:1.

4. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material is not synthesized from the spheniscidite precursor.

5. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material is synthesized from an iron phosphate source and a trivalent vanadium dopant source sharing a common anion with the iron phosphate source.

6. An electrochemical energy storage device, comprising:
a positive electrode with an electrochemically active material layer comprising a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material doped with vanadium and cobalt that has a total non-lithium metal to phosphate molar ratio of 1.000-1.040:1 and is in the form of primary and secondary particles having respective pore structures, such that the lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material has a bimodal pore size distribution, wherein the bimodal pore size distribution has a first pore volume at a first pore width of about 2.5 nm, the first pore volume being larger than a pore volume of lithium iron phosphate synthesized from a spheniscidite precursor at the first pore width;
a negative electrode;
an ionic electrolyte solution that supports the movement of ions back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes, and
a porous separator that electrically isolates the positive and negative electrodes.

7. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein the vanadium is in a trivalent state.

8. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein the vanadium is contributed by an oxyanion species for which vanadium is considered the cation.

9. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 8 , wherein the oxyanion species is vanadium phosphate (VPO 4 ), ammonium metavanadate (NH 4 VO 3 ), or a combination of the two.

Assignees

• A123 Systems Llc

Inventors

• Xu Chuanjing
• Hammoud Maha
• Laforest Judith M
• Lee Hyojin
• Johnson Derek

Classifications

• Y02T10/70

  Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries · CPC title

• C01B25/45

  containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium · CPC title

• H01M4/5825 Primary

  Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines · CPC title

• H01M4/136

  Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title