Power converter, heat exchanger, heat sink, and photovoltaic power generation system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12408310-B2
Application number	US-202318336209-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 16, 2023
Priority date	Dec 22, 2020
Publication date	Sep 2, 2025
Grant date	Sep 2, 2025

Abstract

A power converter, heat exchangers, heat sinks, and a photovoltaic power generation system, related to the field of heat dissipation. The power converter includes: a power semiconductor device, a magnetic element, a sealed cavity, and a heat dissipation cavity. The power semiconductor device and the magnetic element are disposed in the sealed cavity. The power semiconductor device dissipates heat through a first heat sink, and cooling fins of the first heat sink are located in the heat dissipation cavity. The magnetic element dissipates heat through a second heat sink, and cooling fins of the second heat sink are located in the heat dissipation cavity, Accordingly, reliability and heat dissipation effect of heat dissipation performed by the power converter are improved.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A power converter comprising:
a power semiconductor device and a magnetic element are disposed in a sealed cavity;
wherein the power semiconductor device is configured to dissipate heat through a first heat sink, and cooling fins of the first heat sink are located in a heat dissipation cavity; and
wherein the magnetic element is configured to dissipate the heat through a heat exchanger located in the heat dissipation cavity, the sealed cavity comprises a first air duct, and the magnetic element is disposed in the first air duct;
a first end of the first air duct is an air supply vent, a second end of the first air duct is an air return vent, the air supply vent is connected to a first end of the heat exchanger, and the air return vent is connected to a second end of the heat exchanger; and
at least one first internal circulation fan is further disposed at the air supply vent or the air return vent, and is configured to control an air flow to start from the air supply vent and arrive at the air return vent along an inner cavity of the first air duct.

2. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the sealed cavity further comprises a second air duct, a first end of the second air duct is shared with the first end of the first air duct, and a second end of the second air duct is connected to the inner cavity of the first air duct and an inner cavity of the sealed cavity; and
at least one second internal circulation fan is further disposed in the second air duct, and is configured to control an air flow to start from the second air duct and arrive at the air return vent along the inner cavity of the first air duct.

3. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein at least one second internal circulation fan is further disposed in the sealed cavity;
a cavity wall of the first air duct comprises a plurality of groups of rebound structures, and each group of rebound structures comprises an air duct plate and a cavity wall hole;
a force direction of the air duct plate when the air duct plate rebounds points to the inside of the first air duct, an area of the air duct plate is greater than an area of the cavity wall hole, and the air duct plate is configured to cover the entire cavity wall hole; and
the at least one second internal circulation fan is configured to:
when the air duct plate rebounds, control an air flow to arrive at the air return vent after passing through an inner cavity of the sealed cavity and the inner cavity of the first air duct.

4. The power converter according to claim 3 , wherein each group of the rebound structures further comprises:
a stop structure configured to limit a rebound position of the air duct plate when the air duct plate rebounds.

5. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling fins of the first heat sink and the heat exchanger are configured to dissipate the heat in the heat dissipation cavity through an air duct, air ducts in series, air ducts in parallel, or air ducts independent of each other.

6. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger comprises a first air collection cavity, a second air collection cavity, and a connection portion;
the connection portion comprises at least one tubular channel;
the at least one tubular channel is configured to connect the first air collection cavity and the second air collection cavity;
the first air collection cavity is connected to the air supply vent through a first sealing flange, and the second air collection cavity is connected to the air return vent through a second sealing flange; and
a separation rib is disposed inside the at least one tubular channel.

7. The power converter according to claim 6 , wherein the connection portion comprises at least two tubular channels, and cooling fins are embedded between the at least two tubular channels.

8. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger comprises a first sealing flange, a second sealing flange, and at least two bent tubular channels;
a first end of the at least two bent tubular channels is connected to the air supply vent through the first sealing flange, and a second end of the at least two bent tubular channels is connected to the air return vent through the second sealing flange; and
a separation rib is disposed inside the at least two bent tubular channels.

9. The power converter according to claim 8 , wherein cooling fins are embedded between the at least two bent tubular channels.

10. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic element is configured to dissipate the heat through the first heat sink, and the power converter further comprises an element with a high protection level;
the element with a high protection level is disposed in the sealed cavity.

11. The power converter according to claim 10 , wherein the at least one first circulation fan is a plurality of circulation fans provided at both the air supply vent and the air return vent, and wherein the plurality of circulation fans
are configured to control an air flow to start from the air supply vent and arrive at the air return vent along the inner cavity of the sealed cavity.

12. The power converter according to claim 11 , wherein the cooling fins of the first heat sink and the heat exchanger are configured to dissipate the heat in the heat dissipation cavity through air ducts in series, air ducts in parallel, or air ducts independent of each other.

13. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat sink comprises a substrate and the cooling fins;
the cooling fins are configured to perform contact heat dissipation on the substrate;
the substrate comprises a uniform temperature cavity, and the uniform temperature cavity is filled with a working substance configured to perform gas-liquid phase conversion; and
a to-be-cooled component is disposed at a lower-middle position of the substrate.

14. The power converter according to claim 13 , wherein cooling fins are further disposed in the uniform temperature cavity.

15. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat sink comprises a substrate, a vapor chamber, and the cooling fins;
the cooling fins are configured to perform contact heat dissipation on the substrate;
an inner cavity of the vapor chamber is filled with a working substance configured to perform gas-liquid phase conversion; and
the vapor chamber is fixedly disposed on the substrate, and a to-be-cooled component is disposed at a lower-middle position of the vapor chamber, or
the vapor chamber is fixedly disposed in an inner cavity of the substrate, and the to-be-cooled component is disposed at a lower-middle position of the substrate.

16. The power converter according to claim 15 , wherein cooling fins are further disposed in the vapor chamber.

17. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the power converter is a central inverter, a string inverter, or a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) boost combiner box.

Assignees

• Huawei Digital Power Tech Co Ltd

Inventors

• Sun Faming
• Chen Jun
• Li Quanming
• Hui Xiaowei

Classifications

• H10W40/22

  characterised by their shape, e.g. having conical or cylindrical projections · CPC title

• H02J2101/24

  Photovoltaics · CPC title

• H05K7/20936

  Liquid coolant with phase change · CPC title

• H02M1/327

  against abnormal temperatures · CPC title

• H02S40/42

  Cooling means · CPC title