Power adapter with limited power source function and control method thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12401262-B2
Application number	US-202318243303-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 7, 2023
Priority date	Nov 2, 2022
Publication date	Aug 26, 2025
Grant date	Aug 26, 2025

Abstract

A power adapter includes a transformer, an output terminal, a secondary side circuit and a secondary side controller including an operational amplifier. The secondary side circuit includes a first switch, a second switch and a sampling resistor. The first switch is connected with a secondary winding of the transformer and the second switch. The second switch is connected with the output terminal. The sampling resistor is connected between the secondary winding and the output terminal for acquiring a sampling voltage. The operational amplifier generates a voltage difference value according to the result of comparing a reference voltage value with a feedback voltage value. When the sampling voltage is lower than a first voltage level and the voltage difference value is greater than a second voltage level, the second switch is turned off under control of the secondary side controller.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A power adapter with a limited power source function, the power adapter comprising:
a transformer comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding;
an output terminal;
a secondary side circuit electrically connected between the secondary winding of the transformer and the output terminal, and comprising a first switch, a second switch and a sampling resistor, wherein a first terminal of the first switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the secondary winding, a second terminal of the first switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the second switch, a second terminal of the second switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the output terminal, and the sampling resistor is electrically connected between a second terminal of the secondary winding and a second terminal of the output terminal; and
a secondary side controller configured to control on/off states of the second switch and comprising an operational amplifier, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier receives a reference voltage value, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier receives a feedback voltage value, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier generates a voltage difference value to the secondary side circuit,
wherein the secondary side controller acquires a sampling voltage according to the sampling resistor, wherein when the sampling voltage is lower than or equal to a first voltage level and the voltage difference value is greater than or equal to a second voltage level, the second switch is turned off under control of the secondary side controller.

2. The power adapter according to claim 1 , wherein when the sampling voltage is lower than or equal to the first voltage level and a time duration that the voltage difference value is greater than or equal to the second voltage level exceeds a predetermined time value, the second switch is turned off under control of the secondary side controller.

3. The power adapter according to claim 2 , wherein the predetermined time value is at least 50 ms.

4. The power adapter according to claim 1 , wherein the power adapter further comprises a compensation circuit, wherein the compensation circuit is electrically connected between the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the compensation circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a compensation resistor, wherein the second capacitor and the compensation resistor are connected with each other in series, and the first capacitor is connected with a serially-connected structure of the second capacitor and the compensation resistor in parallel.

5. The power adapter according to claim 1 , wherein the power adapter further comprises an A/D converter, and the voltage difference value is converted into a digital value by the A/D converter.

6. The power adapter according to claim 5 , wherein a lookup table is stored in the secondary side controller, which records the voltage difference values corresponding to the power adapter when limiting the output voltage at different voltage levels.

7. The power adapter according to claim 6 , wherein when the sampling voltage is lower than or equal to the first voltage level, the second voltage level is set to the voltage difference value corresponding to the current voltage level of the output voltage.

8. A control method for a power adapter, the control method comprising steps of:
(S 1 ) providing the power adapter, wherein the power adapter comprises a transformer, a secondary side circuit, a secondary side controller and an output terminal, wherein the secondary side circuit is electrically connected between a secondary winding of the transformer and the output terminal, and the secondary side circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch and a sampling resistor, wherein a first terminal of the first switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the secondary winding, a second terminal of the first switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the second switch, a second terminal of the second switch is electrically connected with a first terminal of the output terminal, and the sampling resistor is electrically connected between a second terminal of the secondary winding and a second terminal of the output terminal, wherein on/off states of the second switch are controlled by the secondary side controller;
(S 2 ) the secondary side controller turning on the second switch;
(S 3 ) the secondary side controller acquiring a sampling voltage according to the sampling resistor;
(S 4 ) the secondary side controller determining whether the sampling voltage is lower than or equal to a first voltage level, wherein when a determining condition of the step (S 4 ) is satisfied, a step (S 5 ) is performed;
(S 5 ) the secondary side controller receiving a voltage difference value, wherein the voltage difference value is related to an output power of the power adapter;
(S 6 ) the secondary side controller determining whether the voltage difference value is greater than or equal to a second voltage level, wherein when a determining condition of the step (S 6 ) is satisfied, a step (S 7 ) is performed; and
(S 7 ) the secondary side controller turning off the second switch.

9. The control method according to claim 8 , wherein the voltage difference value is obtained according to a feedback voltage value and a reference voltage value.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein after an output voltage of the power adapter is subjected to voltage division by a voltage divider, the feedback voltage value is generated.

11. The control method according to claim 9 , wherein the reference voltage value is 1.25V or 2.5V.

12. The control method according to claim 9 , wherein the voltage difference value is obtained by an operational amplifier by comparing the feedback voltage value with the reference voltage value.

13. The control method according to claim 12 , wherein a compensation circuit is electrically connected between an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and an output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the compensation circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a compensation resistor, wherein the second capacitor and the compensation resistor are connected with each other in series, and the first capacitor is connected with a serially-connected structure of the second capacitor and the compensation resistor in parallel.

14. The control method according to claim 8 , wherein the first voltage level is 0V, and the voltage difference value corresponding to an output power of 80 W is set as the second voltage level.

15. The control method according to claim 8 , wherein the step (S 7 ) comprises sub-steps of:
(S 70 ) the secondary side controller determining whether the sampling voltage is lower than or equal to the first voltage level and a time duration that the voltage difference value is greater than or equal to the second voltage level exceeds a predetermined time value, wherein when a determining condition of the sub-step (S 70 ) is satisfied, a sub-step (S 71 ) is performed; and
(S 71 ) the secondary side controller turning off the second switch.

16. The control method according to claim 15 , wherein the predetermined time value is at least 50 ms.

17. The control method according to claim 15 , wherein when the determining condition of the sub-step (S 70 ) is not satisfied, the step (S 4 ) is repeatedly done.

Assignees

• Delta Electronics Shanghai Co

Inventors

• Ma Kehua
• Xu Daofei
• Zhang Haitao

Classifications

• H02M5/12

  for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only · CPC title

• H02M1/0009

  Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter · CPC title

• H02M3/33576

  having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer · CPC title

• H02M1/32

  Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection · CPC title

• H02M1/0012 Primary

  Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques (in DC/DC converters H02M3/157, H02M3/33515; in DC-AC converters H02M7/53873) · CPC title