Gas turbine plant with ammonia decomposition system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12398663-B2
Application number	US-202418677558-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 29, 2024
Priority date	May 30, 2023
Publication date	Aug 26, 2025
Grant date	Aug 26, 2025

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a gas turbine plant which decomposes ammonia and supplies it as fuel to a combustor of the gas turbine. The gas turbine plant supplies sufficient heat to the ammonia in order to thermally decompose the ammonia effectively, and separates the residual ammonia present in the decomposition gas and supplies it to a combustor of the gas turbine.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system, the gas turbine plant comprising:
a storage tank configured to store liquid ammonia;
a supply pump configured to supply the liquid ammonia of the storage tank;
a preheater configured to preheat the liquid ammonia supplied by the supply pump;
a vaporizer configured to vaporize the liquid ammonia preheated by the preheater;
a superheater configured to superheat gaseous ammonia vaporized by the vaporizer;
a decomposition reactor configured to thermally decompose the gaseous ammonia superheated by the superheater;
a separator configured to separate residual ammonia from decomposition gas decomposed by the decomposition reactor; and
a second combustor configured to generate combustion gas in such a way as to supply heat to the decomposition reactor,
wherein synthesis gas consisting of hydrogen and nitrogen with the residual ammonia removed by the separator is supplied to a first combustor of a gas turbine,
wherein a heat transfer fluid absorbs heat from the combustion gas or the decomposition gas and supplies the heat to the liquid ammonia, the gaseous ammonia, the synthesis gas supplied to the first combustor, or fuel supplied to the second combustor;
wherein a heat transfer fluid circuit through which the heat transfer fluid flows comprises:
a pump;
a first heat exchanger that absorbs heat by heat exchange with the combustion gas or the decomposition gas; and
a second heat exchanger that supplies heat by heat exchange with the liquid ammonia, the gaseous ammonia, the synthesis gas supplied to the first combustor, or fuel supplied to the second combustor;

wherein exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is supplied to a heat recovery steam generator,
wherein steam generated by heat of the exhaust gas in the heat recovery steam generator is supplied to a steam turbine and drives the steam turbine, and then flows into a condenser, and water condensed in the condenser is supplied back to the heat recovery steam generator,
wherein a portion of the water condensed in the condenser is supplied as the heat transfer fluid to the heat transfer fluid circuit, and
wherein the heat transfer fluid circuit further comprises an internal heat exchanger in which the water discharged from the condenser and the water entering the condenser exchange heat.

2. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 , wherein the second heat exchanger is any one of the preheater, the vaporizer, and the superheater.

3. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 , wherein the second heat exchanger is disposed such that the synthesis gas supplied from the separator to the first combustor passes through the second heat exchanger.

4. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 , wherein the second heat exchanger is disposed such that the fuel supplied to the second combustor passes through the second heat exchanger.

5. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 4 , wherein a portion of the decomposition gas decomposed by the decomposition reactor or a portion of the synthesis gas from which the residual ammonia has been removed in the separator is supplied as fuel for the second combustor.

6. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 ,
wherein a portion of the synthesis gas from which the residual ammonia has been removed in the separator is supplied as fuel for the second combustor, and
wherein the second heat exchanger is disposed such that the synthesis gas from the separator passes through the second heat exchanger before being branched.

7. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 , wherein the water discharged from the condenser absorbs heat while passing through the internal heat exchanger, absorbs heat while passing through the first heat exchanger, and then supplies the heat while passing through the second heat exchanger, and supplies the heat while passing through the internal heat exchanger, and then flows back into the condenser.

8. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 1 ,
wherein the combustion gas supplies heat while passing through the decomposition reactor and the superheater, and
wherein the heat transfer fluid absorbs heat from the combustion gas that has passed through the decomposition reactor and the superheater.

9. A gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system, the gas turbine plant comprising:
a storage tank configured to store liquid ammonia;
a supply pump configured to supply the liquid ammonia of the storage tank;
a preheater configured to preheat the liquid ammonia supplied by the supply pump;
a vaporizer configured to vaporize the liquid ammonia preheated by the preheater;
a superheater configured to superheat gaseous ammonia vaporized by the vaporizer;
a decomposition reactor configured to thermally decompose the gaseous ammonia superheated by the superheater; and
a separator configured to separate residual ammonia from decomposition gas decomposed by the decomposition reactor,
wherein synthesis gas consisting of hydrogen and nitrogen with the residual ammonia removed by the separator is supplied to a first combustor of a gas turbine,
wherein a heat transfer fluid absorbs heat from the decomposition gas and supplies the heat to the liquid ammonia, the gaseous ammonia, or the synthesis gas supplied to the first combustor,
wherein a heat transfer fluid circuit through which the heat transfer fluid flows comprises:
a pump;
a first heat exchanger that absorbs heat by heat exchange with the decomposition gas; and
a second heat exchanger that supplies heat by heat exchange with the liquid ammonia, the gaseous ammonia, or the synthesis gas supplied to the first combustor;

wherein exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is supplied to a heat recovery steam generator,
wherein steam generated by heat of the exhaust gas in the heat recovery steam generator is supplied to a steam turbine and drives the steam turbine, and then flows into a condenser, and water condensed in the condenser is supplied back to the heat recovery steam generator,
wherein a portion of the water condensed in the condenser is supplied as the heat transfer fluid to the heat transfer fluid circuit; and
wherein the heat transfer fluid circuit further comprises an internal heat exchanger in which the water discharged from the condenser and the water entering the condenser exchange heat.

10. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 9 , wherein the second heat exchanger is any one of the preheater, the vaporizer, and the superheater.

11. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 9 , wherein the second heat exchanger is disposed such that the synthesis gas supplied from the separator to the first combustor passes through the second heat exchanger.

12. The gas turbine plant with an ammonia decomposition system of claim 9 , wherein the water discharged from the condenser absorbs heat while passing through the internal heat exchanger, absorbs heat while passing through the first heat exchanger, and then supplies the heat while passing through the second heat exchanger, and supplies the heat while passing through the internal heat exchanger, and then flows back into the condenser.

Assignees

• Doosan Enerbility Co Ltd

Inventors

• Bak Byoung Gu
• Kim Jin Il
• Kim Tae Woo
• Ha Hong Geun
• Bae Young Hoon
• Seon Chil Yeong
• Lee Ki Hyun
• Jeong Kwang Hun

Classifications

• F01K21/047

  having at least one combustion gas turbine · CPC title

• F01K11/02 Primary

  the engines being turbines · CPC title

• Y02P20/10

  Process efficiency · CPC title

• C01C1/12

  Separation of ammonia from gases and vapours {(as part of the ammonia synthesis process C01C1/04)} · CPC title

• C01C1/10

  Separation of ammonia from ammonia liquors, e.g. gas liquors {(as part of the ammonia synthesis process C01C1/04)} · CPC title