Nanocomposite solar absorber with encapsulated metal nanoparticles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12366385-B2
Application number	US-202117795504-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 12, 2021
Priority date	Feb 13, 2020
Publication date	Jul 22, 2025
Grant date	Jul 22, 2025

Abstract

Aspects of the disclosure include a multilayer surface-covering assembly adapted to convert solar radiation to heat. The multilayer surface-covering assembly may include a first composite layer comprising a first amorphous refractory material and first metal nanoparticles, wherein the first amorphous refractor material encapsulates the first metal nanoparticles, and wherein the first composite layer is thermally coupled with a surface of a structure for conduction of heat from the first composite layer to the structure. The multilayer surface-covering assembly may also include an antireflective layer, wherein the first composite layer is disposed between the antireflective layer and the surface of the structure.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A multilayer surface-covering assembly adapted to convert solar radiation to heat, the multilayer surface-covering assembly comprising:
a first composite layer comprising a first amorphous refractory material and first metal nanoparticles, wherein the first amorphous refractor material encapsulates the first metal nanoparticles, and wherein the first composite layer is thermally coupled with a surface of a structure for conduction of heat from the first composite layer to the structure; and
an antireflective layer, wherein the first composite layer is disposed between the antireflective layer and the surface of the structure;
wherein the assembly has been annealed at a temperature of about 750 degree centigrade in vacuum.

2. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an infrared-reflective layer on silicon substrate disposed between the first composite layer and the surface of the structure.

3. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first amorphous refractory material prevents diffusion of the first metal nanoparticles within the first refractory coating and prevents oxidation of the first metal nanoparticles, wherein the first metal nanoparticles have a characteristic dimension in a range of 4-7 nm.

4. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a second composite layer comprising a second amorphous refractory material and second metal nanoparticles, wherein:
the second amorphous refractor material encapsulates the second metal nanoparticles,
the second composite layer is disposed between the first composite layer and the antireflective layer, and
a first weight/volume percentage concentration of the first metal nanoparticles in the first composite layer is greater than a second weight/volume percentage concentration of the second metal nanoparticles in the second composite layer.

5. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 4 , further comprising a third composite layer comprising a third amorphous refractory material and third metal nanoparticles, wherein:
the third amorphous refractor material encapsulates the third metal nanoparticles,
the third composite layer is disposed between the second composite layer and the antireflective layer, and
a third weight/volume percentage concentration of the third metal nanoparticles in the third composite layer is less than the second weight/volume percentage concentration.

6. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 5 , wherein:
the first metal nanoparticles comprise tungsten nanoparticles;
the first amorphous refractory material comprises silicon carbide;
the second metal nanoparticles comprise tungsten nanoparticles;
the second amorphous refractory material comprises silicon carbide;
the third metal nanoparticles comprise tungsten nanoparticles; and
the third amorphous refractory material comprises silicon carbide.

7. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 6 , wherein:
the first weight/volume percentage concentration is equal to or greater than 20%;
the second weight/volume percentage concentration is equal to or greater than 5% and equal to or less than 30%; and
the third weight/volume percentage concentration is 0% to equal to or less than 10%.

8. The multilayer surface-covering assembly of claim 1 , wherein the assembly maintains its optical performance after thermal annealing in vacuum and air.

9. A method of forming a multilayer surface-covering assembly adapted to convert solar radiation to heat, the method comprising:
depositing a first composite layer so as to be in thermal communication with a surface of a structure for conduction of heat from the first composite layer to the structure, wherein the first composite layer comprises a first amorphous refractory material and first metal nanoparticles, and wherein the first amorphous refractory material encapsulates the first metal nanoparticles; and
depositing an antireflective layer, wherein the first composite layer is disposed between the antireflective layer and the surface of the structure; and
annealing the assembly at a temperature of about 750 degree centigrade in vacuum.

10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
prior to annealing, depositing a second composite layer so as to be in thermal communication with a surface of the first composite layer, wherein the second composite layer comprises the first amorphous refractory material and the first metal nanoparticles, wherein the first amorphous refractory material encapsulates the first metal nanoparticles, and wherein a concentration of the first metal nanoparticles in the second composite layer is less than a concentration of the first metal nanoparticles in the first composite layer; and
depositing a third composite layer so as to be in thermal communication with a surface of the second composite layer, wherein the third composite layer comprises the first amorphous refractory material and is substantially free of the first metal nanoparticles.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein:
the concentration of the first metal nanoparticles in the first composite layer is approximately 28%; and
the concentration of the first metal nanoparticles in the second composite layer is approximately 12%.

12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first amorphous refractory material comprises silicon carbide, and wherein the first metal nanoparticles comprise tungsten.

13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first composite layer, the second composite layer, and/or the third composite layer is deposited using co-sputtering or vapor deposition, wherein the first composite layer, the second composite layer, and/or the third composite layer is deposited at a temperature from about 25° C. to about 400° C.

Assignees

• Univ Khalifa Science & Technology

Inventors

• Zhang Tiejun
• Raza Aikifa
• Alketbi Afra S
• Devarapalli Rajakumar
• Li Hongxia

Classifications

• C23C14/34

  Sputtering · CPC title

• C23C14/0688 Primary

  Cermets, e.g. mixtures of metal and one or more of carbides, nitrides, oxides or borides · CPC title

• C09D5/006

  Anti-reflective coatings · CPC title

• F24S70/12

  made of metallic material · CPC title

• F24S70/20

  characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption · CPC title