Single-atom tailoring of platinum nanocatalysts for high-performance multifunctional electrocatalysis

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12255339-B2
Application number	US-202017605192-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 21, 2020
Priority date	Apr 22, 2019
Publication date	Mar 18, 2025
Grant date	Mar 18, 2025

Abstract

Provided herein are catalyst materials comprising a catalyst support; and PtM′ nanowires affixed to the catalyst support, wherein the PtM′ nanowires include single atomic species of M′ at exterior surfaces of the PtM′ nanowires, and M′ represents at least one metal, e.g., a metal different from Pt. Also disclosed are manufacturing methods comprising: providing initial MM′ nanowires having an initial molar ratio of M:M′, wherein M is a noble metal, and M′ is a metal different from M; subjecting the initial MM′ nanowires to electrochemical dealloying to partially remove M′ and form partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires having a subsequent molar ratio of M:M′, wherein the subsequent molar ratio of M:M′ is greater than the initial molar ratio of M:M′; and affixing the partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires to a catalyst support.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A catalyst material comprising:
a catalyst support; and
PtM′ nanostructures affixed to the catalyst support, where M′ is a metal other than Pt,
wherein the PtM′ nanostructures include single atomic species of M′ at exterior surfaces of the PtM′ nanostructures.

2. The catalyst material of claim 1 , having an electrochemical active surface area of at least about 80 m 2 /g Pt , at least about 85 m 2 /g Pt , at least about 90 m 2 /g Pt , at least about 95 m 2 /g Pt , or at least about 100 m 2 /g Pt .

3. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein a surface atomic density of M′ at the exterior surfaces of the PtM′ nanowires is in a range of about 0.5 surface atom of M′ per nm 2 to about 10 surface atoms of M′ per nm 2 .

4. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the PtM′ nanowires have a molar content of M′ in a range of about 5% to about 15%.

5. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein M′ is a transition metal.

6. The catalyst material of claim 5 , wherein M′ is selected from Ni, Fe, Co, and Cu.

7. The catalyst material of claim 5 , wherein M′ is Ni.

8. A fuel cell comprising the catalyst material of claim 1 .

9. An air battery comprising the catalyst material of claim 1 .

10. An electrolyzer comprising the catalyst material of claim 1 .

11. A manufacturing method comprising:
providing initial MM′ nanowires having an initial molar ratio of M:M′, wherein M is a noble metal, and M′ is a metal different from M;
subjecting the initial MM′ nanowires to electrochemical dealloying to partially remove M′ and form partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires having a subsequent molar ratio of M:M′, wherein the subsequent molar ratio of M:M′ is greater than the initial molar ratio of M:M′; and
affixing the partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires to a catalyst support,
wherein the partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires include single atomic species of M′ at exterior surfaces of the MM′ nanowires.

12. The method of any of claim 11 , wherein the partially dealloyed MM′ nanowires have a molar content of M′ in a range of about 5% to about 15%.

13. The method of any of claim 11 , wherein M is Pt.

14. The method of any of claim 11 , wherein M′ is a transition metal different from Pt.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein M′ is selected from Ni, Fe, Co, and Cu.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein M′ is Ni.

17. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein a surface atomic density of M′ at the exterior surfaces of the PtM′ nanowires is in a range of about 0.5 surface atom of M′ per nm 2 to about 10 surface atoms of M′ per nm 2 .

18. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the PtM′ nanowires have a molar content of M′ in a range of about 5% to about 15%.

19. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein M′ is a transition metal.

20. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein M includes two different functional metals M1 and M2, wherein M1 and M2 are different noble metals selected from Pt, Ru, Pd, Ag, Rh, Os, Ir, and Au.

Assignees

• Univ California

Inventors

• Duan Xiangfeng
• Huang Yu
• Wan Chengzhang
• Li Mufan

Classifications

• H01M12/08

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M12/06

  with one metallic and one gaseous electrode · CPC title

• H01M4/921 Primary

  Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements · CPC title

• C25B11/081

  the element being a noble metal · CPC title

• C25B11/089

  Alloys · CPC title