The invention claimed is:
1. A process for making a coated cathode active material, wherein said process comprises the following steps:
(a) providing an electrode active material according to general formula Li 1+x TM 1−x O 2 , wherein TM is a combination of metals according to formula (I), and x is in a range of from zero to 0.2, with a moisture content in a range of from 500 to 1,500 ppm,
with
a being in a range of from 0.3 to 0.4,
b being in a range of from zero to 0.1,
c being in a range of from 0.6 to 0.7, and
d being in a range of from zero to 0.1,
M is Al or Ti or Zr or Mg, and
a
+
b
+
c
=
1
,
(b) reacting said electrode active material with a silicon alkoxide and an alkyl aluminum compound in one or more sub-steps, and
(c) heat-treating the material obtained in step (b) in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at a temperature in a range of from 100 to 400° C. for 10 minutes to 4 hours.
2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon alkoxide is selected from the group consisting of tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane.
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the alkyl aluminum compound in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of trimethylaluminum and triethylaluminum.
4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of silicon to aluminum in step (b) is in a range of from 1:10 to 10:1.
5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed in a presence of at least one organic solvent.
6. A process according to claim 1 , wherein in step (b) or in a sub-step before or after step (b) a carbonyl compound or an organometallic compound of cobalt is applied to the electrode active material provided in step (a) or resulting from step (b).
7. A particulate cathode active material comprising a core material according to general formula Li 1+x TM 1−x O 2 , wherein TM is a combination of metals according to formula (I), and x is in a range of from zero to 0.2, and wherein an outer surface of the core material is non-homogeneously coated with a mixed oxide of aluminum and silicon of uniform composition,
with
a being in a range of from 0.3 to 0.4,
b being in a range of from zero to 0.1,
c being in a range of from 0.6 to 0.7, and
d being in a range of from zero to 0.1,
M is Al or Ti or Zr or Mg, and
a
+
b
+
c
=
1
.
8. The particulate material according to claim 7 , wherein said coating comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of LiAlSiO 4 and LiAlSi 2 O 6 and a compound selected from the group consisting of Li 4 SiO 4 , Li 2 SiO 3 , and Li 2 Si 3 O 7 .
9. The particulate material according to claim 7 , wherein a molar ratio of silicon to aluminum is in a range of from 1:20 to 1:1.
10. A cathode comprising:
(A) at least one particulate material according to claim 7 ,
(B) carbon in electrically conductive form, and
(C) a binder polymer.