Organoselenium compounds with gold-modified Bi2O3/TiO2 supported in carbon-activated carbons

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12179180-B1
Application number	US-202418669187-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	May 20, 2024
Priority date	May 20, 2024
Publication date	Dec 31, 2024
Grant date	Dec 31, 2024

Abstract

A method of producing a Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst includes acid treatment of a palm waste with phosphoric acid to form an acid-treated palm waste, carbonizing the acid-treated palm waste to form an acid-treated biochar, and chlorinating acyl groups present on the acid-treated biochar with oxalyl chloride to form a chlorinated biochar. The method may include reacting the chlorinated biochar with an organoselenium compound to form an organoselenium-functionalized biochar and mixing the organoselenium-functionalized biochar with Au-doped Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 particles to form the Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method for producing a Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst, comprising:
acid treating a palm waste with phosphoric acid to form an acid-treated palm waste,
carbonizing the acid-treated palm waste to form an acid-treated biochar,
chlorinating acyl groups present on the acid-treated biochar with oxalyl chloride to form a chlorinated biochar;
reacting the chlorinated biochar with an organoselenium compound to form an organoselenium functionalized biochar;
mixing the organoselenium functionalized biochar with Au-doped Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 particles to form the Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
reacting a diselenide and an aromatic aldehyde to form the organoselenium compound.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
mixing Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 particles with an aqueous chloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) solution to form a catalyst precursor, then
calcining the catalyst precursor to form the Au-doped Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 particles.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organoselenium compound is selected from the group consisting of

5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diselenide is a diorganyl diselenide.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid-treated palm waste is carbonized at 400 to 800 degrees Celsius (° C.) under an inert gas.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the inert gas is nitrogen (N 2 ).

8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the acid-treated palm waste is carbonized at 600° C.

9. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
suspending the diselenide and the aromatic aldehyde in an organic solvent to obtain a mixture; and
heating the mixture at a temperature of 60 to 100° C. for 6 to 10 hours (h).

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the mixture is heated at a temperature is 80° C.±5° C. for 8 h.

11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aromatic aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of

12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
reacting a bismuth salt with a metal catalyst to form a gelatinous mixture; and
autoclaving the gelatinous mixture at a temperature of 100 to 200° C. for 24 to 72 h to form a precipitate.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the bismuth salt is bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO 3 )·5H 2 O).

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the metal catalyst is titanium (III) chloride.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the gelatinous mixture is autoclaved at a temperature of 155° C. for 48 h.

16. The method of claim 3 , wherein the catalyst precursor is calcined at a temperature of 300 to 700° C. for 12 to 36 h.

17. The method of claim 3 , wherein the catalyst precursor is calcined at a temperature of 500° C. for 24 h.

18. The method of claim 9 , wherein the organic solvent is an alcohol.

19. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:
drying the precipitate at 70 to 150° C. for 1 to 5 h then calcining the precipitate at a heating rate of 0.5 to 3.5° C./min.

20. A photocatalytic composite, comprising:
a core and an active layer,
wherein the active layer comprises:
the Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst made by the process of claim 1 , and
optionally, a binder,
wherein the photocatalytic composite is in the form of particles having a surface area of 10 to 70 m 2 /g and an average particle size of less than 25 nm, and
wherein in the Se/Biochar-Au—Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 catalyst, Au-doped Bi 2 O 3 /TiO 2 particles are immobilized and fixed to the organoselenium functionalized biochar.

Assignees

• Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ

Inventors

• Yousef Tarek Ahmed
• Althikrallah Hanan A
• Shaaban Saad

Classifications

• B01J37/04

  Mixing {(B01J37/0009, B01J37/0018 take precedence)} · CPC title

• B01J35/39

  Photocatalytic properties · CPC title

• B01J35/19

  Catalysts containing parts with different compositions · CPC title

• B01J27/0573 Primary

  Selenium; Compounds thereof · CPC title

• B01J21/063

  Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof · CPC title