Pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device and method capable of cooling medium self-circulation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12138575-B2
Application number	US-202118012098-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 20, 2021
Priority date	Jun 7, 2021
Publication date	Nov 12, 2024
Grant date	Nov 12, 2024

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device and method capable of cooling medium self-circulation. The device includes a primary condensation system, a secondary condensation system and a cooling medium self-regulation heat exchange system. The primary condensation system uses the temperature-regulated cooling medium to condense the macromolecular tar by direct heat exchange with the pyrolysis volatiles. The condensed tar is heated, pushed and scraped with a rotary mechanism to prevent adhesion. The spray liquid in the secondary condensation system exchange heat with the uncondensed volatiles directly for secondary condensation. The cooling medium self-regulation heat exchange system realizes self-circulation and self-balance of the cooling medium mass flow and energy flow by integrating heat absorption during biomass raw material feeding and drying, heat release during volatiles condensation, and heat absorption during pyrolysis char cooling, and realized the independent operation of the condensation device in the mobile biomass pyrolysis system.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation, comprising a primary condensation system, a secondary condensation system and a cooling medium temperature self-regulation heat exchange system; wherein
the primary condensation system structurally comprises a tar condensation device with a direct heat exchange structure, so that high-temperature pyrolysis volatile matters are condensed into tar after directly exchanging heat with the cooling medium; the secondary condensation system structurally comprises a spray chamber with a direct heat exchange structure, so that uncondensed volatile matters after the primary condensation undergo secondary condensation by directly exchanging heat with a spray liquid;
the cooling medium temperature self-regulation heat exchange system structurally comprises a temperature regulation mixer and a plurality of heat exchanger; a heat exchanger I uses a part of the cooling medium heated by the primary condensation system as a heat source for drying a biomass raw material, a heat exchanger II uses the cooling medium cooled by the heat exchanger I as a cold source for cooling the spray liquid, and a heat exchanger III uses the other part of the cooling medium heated by the primary condensation system as a cold source for cooling pyrolysis char generated during pyrolysis; and at the same time, the two streams of cooling medium heated by the heat exchanger II and the heat exchanger III are respectively introduced into the temperature regulation mixer and mixed, and then supplied to the tar condensation device, thereby forming a circulation loop.

2. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 1 , wherein the tar condensation device structurally comprises a hollow jacket pipe provided with a hollow rotating shaft therein, a cavity for the volatile matters to flow is formed between the hollow rotating shaft and the hollow jacket pipe, two ends of the hollow jacket pipe are respectively provided with a pipe side inlet and a pipe side outlet communicating with the cavity, an axial cavity is formed in the hollow rotating shaft, and two ends of the hollow rotating shaft are respectively provided with a shaft side inlet and a shaft side outlet.

3. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature regulation mixer is provided with a high-temperature inlet, a low-temperature inlet and a medium-temperature outlet; and the medium-temperature outlet is respectively connected to the pipe side inlet and the shaft side inlet through parallel pipes, the pipe side outlet and the shaft side outlet are connected in parallel and then respectively connected to medium side inlets of the heat exchanger I and the heat exchanger III through a three-way valve, a medium side outlet of the heat exchanger I is connected to a medium side inlet of the heat exchanger II, a medium side outlet of the heat exchanger III is connected to the high-temperature inlet, and the low-temperature inlet is connected to a medium side outlet of the heat exchanger II.

4. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 3 , wherein the hollow rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of sets of blades along an axial direction, each set of the blades are distributed along a circumference, a tip of each blade is connected with a scraper, and the scraper abuts against an inner wall of the hollow jacket pipe.

5. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 4 , wherein the blade has a hollow structure in which a radial cavity is formed, and the radial cavity communicates with the axial cavity.

6. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 3 , wherein a gas inlet of the spray chamber is provided with a flow divider for equalizing gas flow, which structurally comprises a louvered flow equalizing plate, and the louvered flow equalizing plate comprises a plurality of vanes uniformly and symmetrically distributed along circumferential and height directions; and an inflow pipe is connected upstream to the louvered flow equalizing plate, and the inflow pipe is connected to a gas outlet of the tar condensation device.

7. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 3 , wherein the heat exchanger II is a shell-and-pipe heat exchange structure whose shell is provided with a spray liquid inlet and a spray liquid outlet, the spray liquid inlet is connected to a through pipe at a bottom of the spray chamber, and the spray liquid outlet is connected to a spray head at a top of the spray chamber through a pipe.

8. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 3 , wherein the heat exchanger III is a shell-and-pipe heat exchange structure whose shell is provided with a gaseous pyrolysis char inlet and a liquid pyrolysis char outlet; and the heat exchanger I is a shell-and-pipe heat exchanger whose shell is provided with a conveying mechanism therein for conveying the biomass raw material.

9. The pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 2 , wherein the hollow jacket pipe is provided with a volatile matter inlet and a tar collecting box.

10. A method of the pyrolysis bio-oil fractional condensation device capable of cooling medium self-circulation according to claim 1 , comprising a cooling medium self-circulation process and a volatile matter two-stage condensation process; wherein
the two-stage condensation process is as follows:
the primary condensation system uses the temperature-regulated cooling medium to directly exchange heat with the pyrolysis volatile matters so as to condense the macromolecular tar, and heats the condensed tar and pushes and scrapes the tar with a rotary mechanism so as to prevent the tar from adhesion; the secondary condensation system uses the spray liquid to directly exchange heat with the uncondensed volatile matter after the primary condensation so as to realize further condensation;
the cooling medium self-circulation process is as follows:
a part of the cooling medium heated after the primary condensation process is used as the cold source for cooling the pyrolysis char, and then the cooling medium is further used as the cold source for cooling the spray liquid so as to realize circulating utilization; the other part is used as a heat source for drying and heating the biomass raw material, and the two streams of cooling medium after cooling the spray liquid and heating the biomass raw material are mixed to form the temperature-regulated cooling medium for the primary condensation, thereby forming the circulation,
wherein a temperature of the spray liquid for cooling the uncondensed volatile matters is 20-50° C.;
a temperature of the cooling medium after heat exchange with the spray liquid is 50-100° C.;
a temperature of the cooling medium after heat exchange with the biomass raw material is 300-350° C.; and
a temperature of the temperature-regulated cooling medium is 150-220° C.

Assignees

• Univ Southeast

Inventors

• Zhang Huiyan
• Zhang Shuping
• Peng Bo
• Xiao Rui

Classifications

• B01D2202/00

  Details concerning evaporation, distillation or condensation · CPC title

• B01D5/0087

  Recirculating of the cooling medium · CPC title

• B01D5/0057

  in combination with other processes · CPC title

• B01D5/0036

  Multiple-effect condensation; Fractional condensation · CPC title

• B01D5/0096

  Cleaning (cleaning in general B08B) · CPC title