Electrolyte and electrochemical device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12132170-B2
Application number	US-202016970295-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 20, 2020
Priority date	Jan 25, 2019
Publication date	Oct 29, 2024
Grant date	Oct 29, 2024

Abstract

The present application relates to an electrolyte and an electrochemical device including the same. The electrolyte includes a diboronic acid compound and a nitrile compound, so that the storage performance and cycle performance of the electrochemical device using the electrolyte can be remarkably improved.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte, comprising a diboronic acid compound and a nitrile compound,
wherein the diboronic acid compound comprises a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II) or any combination thereof:

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen;
R 51 , R 52 , R 53 , R 54 , R 61 , R 62 , R 63 and R 64 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen; R 53 and R 54 are connectable to form a ring, and R 63 and R 64 are connectable to form a ring; and
i and i are 0 or 1,
the nitrile compound comprises a compound of Formula (III), a compound of Formula (IV), a compound of Formula (V) or any combination thereof:

wherein R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen; and
a, b, c, d, m, n and p are each independently an integer of 0-10,
wherein a weight percentage of the diboronic acid compound in the electrolyte is about 0.01 wt %-about 5 wt %, and a weight percentage of the nitrile compound in the electrolyte is about 0.01 wt %-about 15 wt %, and
wherein the electrolyte further comprises a phosphate compound, a phosphite compound or any combination thereof, the phosphate compound comprising a compound of Formula (VI), the phosphite compound comprising a compound of Formula (VII):

wherein R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen; and
R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 linear-chain or branched-chain alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 linear-chain or branched-chain alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 linear-chain or branched-chain alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen.

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) is at least one selected from the following compounds:

3. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula (III) is at least one selected from the group consisting of succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, pimelonitrile, suberonitrile, 2-methylene glutaronitrile and dipropyl malononitrile.

4. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula (IV) or Formula (V) is at least one selected from the following compounds:

5. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula (VI) or the compound of Formula (VII) is at least one selected from the following compounds:

6. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises an epoxy silane, the epoxy silane comprising a compound of Formula (VIII):

wherein R 18 and R 19 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen;
wherein 2≤x≤5, and x is an integer.

7. The electrolyte according to claim 6 , wherein the compound of Formula (VIII) is at least one selected from the following compounds:

8. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises one or more of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, vinyl sulfate, lithium difluorophosphate, tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate or trivinyl trimethylcyclotrisiloxane.

9. An electrochemical device, comprising a cathode containing a cathode active material, an anode containing an anode active material, a separator, and an electrolyte comprising a diboronic acid compound and a nitrile compound,
wherein the diboronic acid compound comprises a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II) or any combination thereof:

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen;
R 51 , R 52 , R 53 , R 54 , R 61 , R 62 , R 63 and R 64 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and when substituted, the substituent is halogen; R 53 and R 54 are connectable to form a ring, and R 63 and R 64 are connectable to form a ring; and
i and j are 0 or 1,
the nitrile compound comprises a compound of Formula (III), a compound of Formula (IV), a compound of Formula (V) or any combination thereof:

wherein R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl g

Assignees

• Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd

Inventors

• Liu Junfei
• Zhang Shuirong
• Ma Juan
• Tang Chao

Classifications

• H01M2300/004

  Three solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/0567 Primary

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M10/4235 Primary

  Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence) · CPC title