Additives for electrolytes in Li-ions batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12100807-B2
Application number	US-201917281120-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 3, 2019
Priority date	Oct 4, 2018
Publication date	Sep 24, 2024
Grant date	Sep 24, 2024

Abstract

Method of improving the performance and safety of a Li-ion battery. The method includes using a nitrile-based small organic compound of general formula I, V or IX outlined in the application in association with the electrolyte of the battery. An electrolyte including a nitrile-based small organic compound. A battery including the electrolyte.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A lithium-ion battery comprising a nitrile-based organic compound in association with an electrolyte of the battery, wherein the compound has a general formula IV outlined below

wherein:
X is C or N;
Ri are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkene, alkyne, aryl and alkylaryl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, OH, SH, NH 2 , a halogen atom, a halogeno alkyl, a halogeno alkoxy, a halogeno thioalkoxy, a cyano alkyl, a cyano alkene, a cyano alkyne, CN, NO 2 , SO 2 , COOH and acyloxycarbonyl; and
when Ri is H, m′ is 5 and when Ri is not H, m′ is an integer from 0 to 5.

2. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the compound has a general formula B outlined below

wherein:
X is C and R 3 is H; or X is N; and
R 1 to R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkene, alkyne, aryl and alkylaryl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, OH, SH, NH 2 , a halogen atom, a halogeno alkyl, a halogeno alkoxy, a halogeno thioalkoxy, a cyano alkyl, a cyano alkene, a cyano alkyne, CN, NO 2 , SO 2 , COOH and acyloxycarbonyl.

3. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the compound is B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 or B8 outlined below

4. A method of improving the performance and safety of a Li-ion battery, comprising adding a nitrile-based organic compound of claim 1 to an electrolyte of the battery.

5. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrile-based organic compound is added to the electrolyte as an additive in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 5.0% wt.

6. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein a cathode of the Li-ion battery comprises a lithium-containing material.

7. The battery according to claim 6 , wherein capacity or reversibility of the battery are improved.

8. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein a cathode of the Li-ion battery comprises one or more of a lithium oxide, olivine, lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium nickel oxide (LNO), or a nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC).

9. An electrolyte comprising a nitrile-based organic compound of a general formula IV outlined below

wherein:
X is C or N;
Ri are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkene, alkyne, aryl and alkylaryl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, OH, SH, NH 2 , a halogen atom, a halogeno alkyl, a halogeno alkoxy, a halogeno thioalkoxy, a cyano alkyl, a cyano alkene, a cyano alkyne, CN, NO 2 , SO 2 , COOH and acyloxycarbonyl; and
when Ri is H, m′ is 5 and when Ri is not H, m′ is an integer from 0 to 5.

10. A battery comprising the electrolyte as defined in claim 9 .

11. The electrolyte of claim 9 , wherein the compound is B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 or B8 outlined below

Assignees

• Hydro Quebec
• Murata Manufacturing Co

Inventors

• Mallet Charlotte
• Rochon Sylviane
• Zaghib Karim

Classifications

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/4235 Primary

  Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• C07D213/57

  Nitriles · CPC title

• C07C255/55

  containing cyano groups and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton · CPC title