Auxiliary power unit for an aircraft

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12054281-B2
Application number	US-202217982567-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 8, 2022
Priority date	Nov 10, 2021
Publication date	Aug 6, 2024
Grant date	Aug 6, 2024

Abstract

An auxiliary power unit for an aircraft. It includes an air compressor coupled to an air-drawing device for drawing in air from outside the aircraft, the compressor supplying compressed air to a manifold. The manifold is configured to supply air to an environmental control system and a start-up module of at least one propulsion system of the aircraft running on hydrogen. The manifold is also configured to supply air to a fuel cell stack arranged to provide an electric generation function configured to power non-propulsive systems of the aircraft, the fuel cell stack also being supplied with hydrogen from a tank supplying hydrogen to the at least one propulsion system of the aircraft.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An auxiliary power unit for an aircraft, comprising an air compressor coupled to an air-drawing device for drawing in air from outside the aircraft, the air compressor supplying compressed air to a manifold configured to supply air to an environmental control system and a start-up module of at least one propulsion system of the aircraft, said propulsion system being supplied with hydrogen from a tank, wherein:
said manifold is also configured to supply air to a fuel cell stack arranged so as to provide an electric generation function configured to power non-propulsive systems of the aircraft, said fuel cell stack also being supplied with hydrogen from said tank; and
an inlet of said manifold is coupled to an outlet of a bleed air system configured to draw in air from said at least one propulsion system, and the manifold is controlled by a processing unit such that, when said propulsion system is operating, the manifold supplies the fuel cell stack and the environmental control system with a mixture of air coming from the compressor and from the propulsion system.

2. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , wherein the processing unit is also configured to command a stoppage of the compressor during operation of the propulsion system.

3. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell stack is coupled to a cooling circuit in which a cooling liquid circulates, said cooling circuit being configured such that, when the fuel cell stack is operating with release of heat, said heat heats said cooling liquid.

4. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 3 , wherein an outlet of said cooling circuit is coupled to an inlet of a heat exchanger, through which the hydrogen supplying said fuel cell stack circulates, such that at least a portion of said heated cooling liquid circulates in said heat exchanger and heats the hydrogen supplying said fuel cell stack.

5. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 3 , wherein a portion of the hydrogen circulating through the heat exchanger supplies said at least one propulsion system during a start-up phase.

6. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , wherein a processing unit of said auxiliary power unit is configured to obtain information relating to air requirements of the environmental control system and of the fuel cell stack, and wherein said processing unit controls the manifold such that it supplies air to the fuel cell stack and the environmental control system as a function of said obtained information.

7. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of oxygen-depleted air at an outlet of the fuel cell stack is injected into at least one compartment of said at least one propulsion system to serve as a fire barrier.

8. The auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , said auxiliary power unit and said at least one propulsion system being co-located.

9. An aircraft comprising at least one auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 .

10. An aircraft comprising:
a first and a second auxiliary power unit according to claim 1 , said first and second auxiliary power units being connected by a cross-feed system; and
a processing unit configured to detect a malfunction of at least one element of one of the first or the second auxiliary power unit and to compensate for this malfunction by commanding the cross-feed system in such a way as to use a corresponding element in an other of the first or the second auxiliary power unit as a replacement for the malfunctioning element.

Assignees

• Airbus Operations Sas
• Airbus Sas
• Airbus Operations Gmbh

Inventors

• Josset Thomas
• Poirier Didier
• Bammann Holger
• Scherer Thomas

Classifications

• H01M2250/20

  Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• H01M8/04776

  at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner · CPC title

• H01M8/04753

  of fuel cell reactants · CPC title

• H01M8/04664

  Failure or abnormal function · CPC title

• H01M8/04111

  using a compressor turbine assembly · CPC title