Radio-frequency amplifier with load response estimation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12034409-B2
Application number	US-202318159604-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 25, 2023
Priority date	Apr 29, 2022
Publication date	Jul 9, 2024
Grant date	Jul 9, 2024

Abstract

An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a processor that generates baseband signals, an upconversion circuit that upconverts the baseband signals to radio-frequency signals, a power amplifier, an antenna, and a transmit filter with a frequency dependent filter response coupled between the output of the power amplifier and the antenna. To help mitigate the frequency dependent filter response, the wireless circuitry may further include predistortion circuitry having an amplifier load response estimator that implements a baseband model of the filter response, an amplifier non-linearity estimator that models the non-linear behavior of the amplifier, and a control signal generator for adjusting the power amplifier based on the output of the amplifier load response estimator and the amplifier non-linearity estimator.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. Wireless circuitry comprising:
a frequency upconversion circuit having an input configured to receive baseband signals and having an output on which corresponding radio-frequency signals are generated;
an amplifier having an input configured to receive the radio-frequency signals from the output of the frequency upconversion circuit;
a load response estimator having an input configured to receive signals generated based on the baseband signals and having an output on which an estimated load response is generated, the load response estimator implementing a baseband model derived from a frequency dependent load impedance seen at an output of the amplifier; and
a control signal generator having an input configured to receive the estimated load response from the output of the load response estimator and having an output coupled to a control input of amplifier.

2. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the control signal generator comprises:
an absolute value function generator having an input configured to receive the estimated load response from the output of the load response estimator and having an output; and
an envelope tracking power management circuit having an input coupled to the output of the absolute value function generator and having an output coupled to the control input of the amplifier, an adjustable power supply voltage being provided to the control input of the amplifier using the envelope tracking power management circuit.

3. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the control signal generator comprises an absolute value function generator configured to receive the estimated load response from the output of the load response estimator and that is used to generate a bias signal to the control input of the amplifier.

4. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the control signal generator comprises an envelope tracking power management circuit configured to generate an envelope tracking power supply voltage to the control input of the amplifier.

5. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , further comprising:
a non-linearity estimator having an input configured to receive the baseband signals and having an output on which non-linearity information is generated, the non-linearity information being fed to the input of the load response estimator.

6. The wireless circuitry of claim 5 , wherein the load response estimator and the non-linearity estimator are implemented using processing circuitry.

7. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , further comprising a bandpass filter having an input impedance equal to the frequency dependent load impedance seen at the output of the amplifier.

8. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , further comprising:
a non-linearity estimator coupled between the output of the load response estimator and the input of the control signal generator, the non-linearity estimator being configured to estimate non-linearity effects associated with the amplifier and being implemented using processing circuitry.

9. The wireless circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier comprises :
a primary amplifier having an input configured to receive the radio-frequency signals from the output of the frequency upconversion circuit; and
an auxiliary amplifier having an input configured to receive the control signal from the control signal generator.

10. The wireless circuitry of claim 9 , further comprising:
a coupling circuit coupled to the output of the primary amplifier and coupled to an adjustable impedance that is controlled by the auxiliary amplifier.

11. The wireless circuitry of claim 9 , further comprising a radio-frequency coupler that includes:
a first coupling component having a first terminal coupled to an output of the primary amplifier and having a second terminal coupled to a transmit filter exhibiting the frequency dependent load impedance; and
a second coupling component paired with the first coupling component, the second coupling component having a first terminal coupled to the output of the primary amplifier and having a second terminal coupled to an output of the auxiliary amplifier.

12. A method of operating wireless circuitry, comprising:
upconverting baseband signals to radio-frequency signals;
with an amplifier, receiving and amplifying the radio-frequency signals, the amplifier having an output coupled to a frequency dependent load;
with an amplifier load response estimator, generating an estimated amplifier load response based on the baseband signals, the amplifier load response estimator implementing a baseband model obtained from the frequency dependent load; and
with a control signal generator, generating a control signal for the amplifier based on the estimated amplifier load response.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein generating the control signal for the amplifier comprises generating an adjustable power supply voltage for the amplifier based on the estimated amplifier load response.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein generating the control signal for the amplifier comprises generating an adjustable bias voltage for the amplifier based on the estimated amplifier load response.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein generating the control signal for the amplifier comprises generating a load modulation control signal for the amplifier based on the estimated amplifier load response.

16. The method of claim 12 , wherein generating the control signal for the amplifier comprises generating an input signal to an auxiliary amplifier coupled to the amplifier.

17. An electronic device comprising:
one or more processors configured to generate baseband signals;
an upconverter configured to upconvert the baseband signals to radio-frequency signals;
an amplifier having an input configured to receive the radio-frequency signals from an output of the upconverter;
a bandpass filter coupled at an output of the amplifier, the bandpass filter having a frequency dependent input impedance; and
predistortion circuitry configured to receive the baseband signals, to predistort the baseband signals using a baseband model that resembles the frequency dependent input impedance of the bandpass filter, and to generate a corresponding control signal for adjusting the amplifier.

18. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the predistortion circuitry comprises:
a load response estimator implementing the baseband model; and
a non-linearity estimator configured to model a non-linear behavior associated with the amplifier and non-linear effects associated with the bandpass filter, wherein the load response estimator and the non-linearity estimator are executed on processing circuitry within the electronic device.

19. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the control signal comprises a signal selected from the group consisting of: an adjustable power supply voltage for the amplifier, an adjustable bias voltage for the amplifier, a load modulation control signal for the amplifier, and an input signal to an auxiliary amplifier coupled to the amplifier.

20. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the predistortion circuitry comprises an envelope generator configured to generate the control signal for adjusting the amplifier.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Henzler Stephan
• Langer Andreas

Classifications

• H04B1/0475 Primary

  with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion (H04B1/0483 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H03F2200/451

  the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier · CPC title

• H04B2001/0416

  having gain or transmission power control · CPC title

• H03F3/211

  using a combination of several amplifiers (H03F3/60 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H03F2200/102

  A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit · CPC title