Antenna and wireless device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12027769-B2
Application number	US-202217722811-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 18, 2022
Priority date	Apr 19, 2021
Publication date	Jul 2, 2024
Grant date	Jul 2, 2024

Abstract

An antenna has a reflector and an active element. The reflector includes a multi-segment metal structure having a length within a first value range. The multi-segment metal structure includes a first metal structure connected to a second metal structure. A PIN diode is disposed on the first metal structure. The first metal structure is parallel to a polarization direction of the active element. The second metal structure is perpendicular to the first metal structure.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An antenna comprising:
an active element located at a center of a circumference of the antenna; and
a plurality of reflectors evenly disposed on the circumference,
wherein a reflector in the plurality of reflectors comprises a multi-segment metal structure and a diode,
wherein the multi-segment metal structure comprises a first metal structure, a second metal structure, and a third metal structure, wherein the first metal structure is parallel to a polarization direction of the active element,
wherein the second metal structure is connected at a first end to a top of the first metal structure and is perpendicular to the first metal structure,
wherein the second metal structure extends in a direction away from the active element,
wherein the third metal structure is connected to a second end of the second metal structure and extends vertically from the second metal structure, and
wherein the diode is disposed on the first metal structure between a first portion of the first metal structure and a second portion of the first metal structure.

2. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the third metal structure is parallel to the first metal structure.

3. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein a distance between the reflector and the active element is within a first value range, wherein the first value range depends on a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the reflector.

4. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the diode is a p-type, intrinsic, and n-type (PIN) diode configured to control the reflector to be in an operating state or an off state.

5. The antenna of claim 4 , wherein a first end and a second end of the PIN diode are connected to an inductor in parallel, wherein the inductor comprises a distributed inductor and a DC blocking capacitor, and wherein the DC blocking capacitor comprises a distributed capacitor or a lumped capacitor.

6. The antenna of claim 5 , further comprising a resonant circuit comprising the PIN diode and the distributed inductor, wherein a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is within an operating frequency band of the active element.

7. The antenna of claim 5 , wherein a length of the distributed inductor is within a third value range, wherein the third value range depends on a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the reflector.

8. The antenna of claim 5 , wherein the distributed inductor is a rectangular distributed inductor.

9. The antenna of claim 5 , wherein the multi-segment metal structure has a length within a first value range, wherein the first value range is 0.225 to 0.275 times a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the reflector.

10. An antenna comprising:
an active element located at a center of a circumference of the antenna;
an inductor comprising a distributed inductor and a DC blocking capacitor, wherein the DC blocking capacitor comprises a distributed capacitor or a lumped capacitor; and
a plurality of reflectors evenly disposed on the circumference,
wherein a reflector in the plurality of reflectors comprises a multi-segment metal structure and a p-type, intrinsic, and n-type (PIN) diode,
wherein the multi-segment metal structure comprises a first metal structure, a second metal structure, and a third metal structure, wherein the first metal structure extends vertically from a horizontal plane, wherein the second metal structure is connected at a first end to a top of the first metal structure and is perpendicular to the first metal structure, wherein the second metal structure extends in a direction away from the active element, and wherein the third metal structure is connected to a second end of the second metal structure and extends vertically from the second metal structure.

11. The antenna of claim 10 , further comprising a resonant circuit comprising the PIN diode and the distributed inductor, wherein a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is within an operating frequency band of the active element.

12. The antenna of claim 10 , wherein the PIN diode is disposed on the first metal structure between a first portion of the first metal structure and a second portion of the first metal structure.

13. The antenna of claim 12 , wherein a length of the distributed inductor is within a first value range of 0.05 to 0.5 times an operating wavelength of the reflector.

14. The antenna of claim 12 , wherein a distance between the reflector and the active element is within a second value range, wherein the second value range depends on a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the reflector.

15. A wireless device comprising:
a radio frequency circuit;
a switch circuit; and
an antenna comprising:
an active element located at a center of a circumference of the antenna; and
a plurality of reflectors evenly disposed on the circumference,
wherein a reflector in the plurality of reflectors is connected to the switch circuit and comprises a multi-segment metal structure and a diode,
wherein the multi-segment metal structure comprises a first metal structure, a second metal structure, and a third metal structure,
wherein the first metal structure is parallel to a polarization direction of the active element,
wherein the second metal structure is connected at a first end to a top of the first metal structure and is perpendicular to the first metal structure,
wherein the second metal structure extends in a direction away from the active element,
wherein the third metal structure is connected to a second end of the second metal structure and extends vertically from the second metal structure, and
wherein the diode is disposed on the first metal structure between a first portion of the first metal structure and a second portion of the first metal structure.

16. A wireless device comprising:
a radio frequency circuit;
a switch circuit; and
an antenna comprising:
an active element located at a center of a circumference of the antenna and connected to the radio frequency circuit;
an inductor comprising a distributed inductor and a DC blocking capacitor, wherein the DC blocking capacitor comprises a distributed capacitor or a lumped capacitor; and
a plurality of reflectors evenly disposed on the circumference,
wherein a reflector in the plurality of reflectors is connected to the switch circuit and comprises a multi-segment metal structure and a p-type, intrinsic, and n-type (PIN) diode,
wherein the multi-segment metal structure comprises a first metal structure, a second metal structure, and a third metal structure, wherein the first metal structure extends vertically from a horizontal plane, wherein the second metal structure is connected at a first end to a top of the first metal structure and is perpendicular to the first metal structure, wherein the second metal structure extends in a direction away from the active element, and wherein the third metal structure is connected to a second end of the second metal structure and extends vertically from the second metal structure.

17. The wireless device of claim 16 , wherein the antenna further comprises a resonant circuit comprising the PIN diode and the distributed inductor, and wherein a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is within an operating frequency band of the active element.

18. The wireless device of claim 17 , wherein the diode is disposed on the first metal structure between a first portion of the first metal structure and a second portion of the first metal structure.

19. The antenna of claim 10 , w

Assignees

• Huawei Tech Co Ltd

Inventors

• Zhou Xiao
• Tao Zui
• Zhao Jie
• Xiao Shuguang
• Luo Xin

Classifications

• H01P1/185

  using a diode or a gas filled discharge tube · CPC title

• H01Q19/32

  the primary active element being end-fed and elongated · CPC title

• H01Q1/2291

  used in Bluetooth® or Wi-Fi® devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN] (H01Q1/241 takes precedence; WLAN in general H04W) · CPC title

• H01Q1/36

  Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; {Particular materials used therewith}(H01Q1/08, H01Q1/14 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01Q19/10

  using reflecting surfaces · CPC title