Amorphous carbon material, preparation method and use thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12027706-B2
Application number	US-201817056029-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 13, 2018
Priority date	May 18, 2018
Publication date	Jul 2, 2024
Grant date	Jul 2, 2024

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the field of carbon materials, in particular to an amorphous carbon material and a preparation method and an use thereof. The amorphous carbon material has the following characteristics: (1) the true density ρ of the amorphous carbon material and the interlayer spacing d 002 obtained by powder XRD spectrum analysis satisfy the relational formula: 100 ×ρ×d 002 ≥70; (2) the interlayer spacing d 002 , L a and L c satisfy the following relational formula: L c λd 002 ≤0.58; and 100×(L c /L a 2 )×d 002 3 ≤0.425; (3) the amorphous carbon material contains 0.001-2% of a silicon component and 0.001-2% of an aluminum component, based on the total mass of the amorphous carbon material. The amorphous carbon material prepared by the present disclosure has desirable heat transfer performance and can provide high battery capacity.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An amorphous carbon material, wherein:
(1) a true density ρ of the amorphous carbon material and an interlayer spacing 4=02dg obtained by powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum analysis satisfy the following relational formula:
100×ρ× d 002 ≥70  Formula (1);

(2) the interlayer spacing d 002 , L a and L c of the amorphous carbon material obtained by powder XRD spectrum analysis satisfy the following relational formula:
L c ×d 002 ≤0.58  Formula (II), and

100×(L c /L a 2 )×d 002 3 ≤0.425  Formula (III);

and
(3) the amorphous carbon material contains 0.001-2% by weight of a silicon component and 0.001-2% by weight of an aluminum component in term of element, based on the total mass of the amorphous carbon material; and
wherein ρ is denoted by the unit of g/cm 3 , and each of d 002 , L c and L a is denoted by the unit of nm.

2. The amorphous carbon material of claim 1 , wherein 100×ρ×d002≤120.

3. The amorphous carbon material of claim 1 , wherein L c ×d 002 ≤0.01.

4. The amorphous carbon material of claim 1 , wherein 100×(L c /L a 2 )×(d 002 3 0.1.

5. The amorphous carbon material of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous carbon material has a thermal diffusion coefficient larger than or equal to 0.09 mm 2 ·s −1 .

6. The amorphous carbon material of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous carbon material is in the form of powder having a particle size D 50 within a range of 2-50 μm.

7. A method for preparing the amorphous carbon material of claim 1 comprising the following steps:
(1) providing a carbonaceous material powder having a carbon element content larger than 70%;
(2) providing a silicon-aluminum source, wherein the silicon-aluminum source is a combination of a silicon-containing substance and an aluminum-containing substance, or a substance containing both silicon and aluminum:
(3) mixing the carbonaceous material powder, the silicon-aluminum source, and an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, then subjecting the mixture to a phase separation, and drying the obtained solid to obtain a dried powder; and
(4) carbonizing the dried powder under vacuum or an inert atmosphere.

8. The method of claim 7 , Wherein the Carbonaceous Material Powder has an Average Particle diameter D 50 within a range of 1-100 μm.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the concentration of surfactant in the surfactant-containing aqueous solution is 0.001-50 wt;
wherein the surfactant is used in an amount of 0.005-250 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous material powder.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the surfactant is selected from an anionic surfactant and/or a cationic surfactant;
wherein the anionic surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of arabic gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, C8-C12 fatty acid salts, C12-C20 alkyl sulfonate salts, alkyl benzene sulfonate salts, and C12-C18 fatty alcohol sulfate salts; and
wherein the cationic surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of the C10-C22 alkyltrimethylammonium type cationic surfactants, the di-(C10-C22) alkyldimethylammonium type cationic surfactants, and the C10-C22 alkyldimethylbenzylammonium type cationic surfactants.

11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the carbonization in step (4) is conducted at a temperature within a range of 900-1,600° C. for a time within a range of 1-20 hours.

12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the method further comprises: performing ball milling at any stage between step (1) and step (4) such that the powder entering the carbonization process has an average particle diameter D 50 within a range of 1-50 μm.

13. A method of preparing the amorphous carbon material of claim 1 as a material for mechanical parts, a battery electrode material or a heat conduction material.

14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the carbonaceous material selected from the group consisting of pitch, coal, coke, and a combination thereof.

15. The method of claim 8 , wherein the material containing both silicon and aluminum is at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon-aluminum composite oxide, aluminosilicate, zeolite, kaolin and fly ash.

16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the method further comprises: pre-firing the dried powder under vacuum or an inert atmosphere before the carbonization treatment in the step (4), wherein the pre-firing is conducted at a temperature within a range of 400-800° C. for a time within a range of 1-12 hours.

Assignees

• China Energy Investment Corp Ltd
• Nat Inst Clean & Low Carbon Energy

Inventors

• Pan Guanghong
• Liang Wenbin
• Tang Kun
• Tian Yajun
• Kang Danmiao
• Duan Chunting
• Kang Libin
• Wei Chang

Classifications

• H01M2004/027

  Negative electrodes · CPC title

• H01M2004/021

  Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/386

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title

• H01M4/364

  as mixtures · CPC title