Additives for electrolyte and cathode material in Li-ion batteries comprising metal-based cathode material which produces M2+ metal ions

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12015147-B2
Application number	US-201917268120-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 13, 2019
Priority date	Aug 14, 2018
Publication date	Jun 18, 2024
Grant date	Jun 18, 2024

Abstract

Method of improving the performance of a Li-ion battery comprising metal-based cathode material which produces M 2+ metal ions. The method comprises using a small organic compound in association with the electrolyte of the battery or using a polymer compound in association with the cathode active material of the battery. The small organic compound and the polymer compound comprise at least one chemical group suitable for forming complexes with the M 2+ metal ions thereby preventing dissolution thereof.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A polymer compound having a general formula VI outlined below

wherein:
Q and Q′ are each independently a 5 to 12-member ring or bicycle ring, optionally either ring comprises one or more heteroatom which are the same or different;
L is a linker comprising alkyl groups;
Ri and R′i are each independently selected from H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkene, alkyne, aryl and alkylaryl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, OH, SH, NH 2 , a halogen atom, a halogeno alkyl, a halogeno alkoxy, a halogeno thioalkoxy, a cyano alkyl, a cyano alkene, a cyano alkyne, CN, NO 2 , SO 2 , COOH and acyloxycarbonyl, with the proviso that at least one of Ri comprises a heteroatom and at least one of R′i is different from H;
n and m are each independently an integer from 0 to 11 with the proviso that they are not both 0 at the same time; and
the one or more heteroatom of Q or Q′ is selected from O, S and N.

2. The polymer according to claim 1 , wherein at least two of Ri comprise a heteroatom, and the at least two of Ri are attached to consecutive carbon atoms of the ring; or when Q is a bicycle ring the at least two of Ri are spatially close to each other.

3. The polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one R′i is a halogen atom, optionally F.

4. The polymer compound according to claim 1 having a general formula VII outlined below

wherein:
at least two of Ri comprise a heteroatom, and the at least two of Ri are attached to consecutive carbon atoms of the ring; or when Q is a bicycle ring the at least two of Ri are spatially close to each other; and
the at least one R′i is a halogen atom, optionally F.

5. The polymer compound according to claim 1 having a general formula VIII outlined below

wherein:
both R 1 and R 2 comprise a heteroatom, optionally both R 1 and R 2 comprise a heteroatom, and are attached to consecutive carbon atoms of the ring; and
R′ 1-5 are each a halogen atom, optionally F.

6. The polymer compound according to claim 1 having a general formula IX outlined below

wherein:
R 3 , R 4 and R 6-9 are each independently H or a C 1-6 alkyl;
R′ 1-5 are each a halogen atom, optionally F;
L′ is constituted of repeating units of CR 6 R 7 and CR 8 R 9 ; and
X 1 and X 2 are each independently a heteroatom, optionally the X 1 or X 2 heteroatom is O, S or N.

7. The polymer compound according to claim 6 having a formula P outlined below

8. The polymer compound according to claim 6 having a formula P′ outlined below

9. The polymer according to claim 7 , which is selected from the group consisting of: polymer of formula P, which comprises 48 mol % of dimethoxystyrene moities (Polymer dimethoxy-1); polymer of formula P, which comprises 70 mol % of dimethoxystyrene moities (Polymer dimethoxy-2); and polymer of formula P, which comprises 100 mol % of dimethoxystyrene moities (Polymer dimethoxy-3).

10. The polymer according to claim 8 , which is: polymer of formula P′, which comprises 50 mol % of dihydroxystyrene moities (Polymer difydroxy-1).

11. A method of preventing metal ions dissolution in a Li-ion battery comprising metal-based cathode material which produces M 2+ metal ions, the method comprising using adding a polymer compound in association with to the cathode material of the battery, wherein the polymer compound is as defined in claim 1 .

12. A cathode material comprising the polymer compound as defined in claim 1 .

13. A battery comprising the cathode material as defined in claim 12 .

14. A method for preparing the polymer compound as defined in claim 1 , comprising submitting a dialkyloxystyrene compound and a pentahalogenostyrene compound to a random copolymerization to obtain an alkyoxystyrene polymer; and optionally submitting the alkyoxystyrene polymer to a dealkylation process to obtain a hydroxy polymer compound.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the dialkyloxystyrene compound is dimethoxystyrene, and the pentahalogenostyrene compound is pentafluorostyrene.

16. A method for preparing the polymer compound of formula P as defined in claim 7 , comprising submitting dimethoxystyrene and pentafluorostyrene to a random copolymerization.

17. A method for preparing the polymer compound of formula P′ as defined in claim 8 , comprising submitting a polymer compound of formula P to a demethylation process:

18. A method for preparing the polymer compound as defined in claim 1 , comprising submitting a dialkyloxystyrene compound and a pentahalogenostyrene compound to a polymerization process which is atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), atom transfer radical addition polymerization (ATRAP), retarded anionic polymerization (RAP), or cationic polymerization.

Assignees

• Hydro Quebec
• Murata Manufacturing Co

Inventors

• Mallet Charlotte
• Daigle Jean-Christophe
• Rochon Sylviane
• Zaghib Karim

Classifications

• H01M4/622 Primary

  being polymers · CPC title

• H01M10/0567 Primary

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M10/4235

  Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence) · CPC title