Physical forms of MXene materials exhibiting novel electrical and optical characteristics

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12015092-B2
Application number	US-202217678120-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 23, 2022
Priority date	Sep 25, 2014
Publication date	Jun 18, 2024
Grant date	Jun 18, 2024

Abstract

The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive M n+1 X n (T s ) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive M n+1 X n (T s ) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. An article, comprising:
a substrate,
the substrate having disposed thereon a coating that comprises a M n+1 X n (T s ) composition having multiple layers, each layer having a first and second surface,
each layer comprising
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,
each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M n+1 X n , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M,
wherein M is at least one Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 metal,
wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof and
n=1, 2, or 3;
wherein at least one of said surfaces of the layers has surface terminations, T s , independently comprising alkoxide, alkyl, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, sulfonate, thiol, or a combination thereof,
said coating being electrically conductive and exhibiting:
(i) a resistivity in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1000 micro-ohm-meters;
(ii) an ability to transmit at least about 50% of incident light of at least one wavelength in a range of from about 300 nm to about 2000 nm
(iii) a ratio of DC conductivity, measured in Siemens/meter, to light absorbance, (including visible light absorbance), measured as a decadic absorbance per meter, of at least 0.1 Siemens measured at least one wavelength in the range of 300 to 2500 nm;
(iv) a value of the real dielectric permittivity less than negative one for wavelengths greater than a threshold wavelength; or
(v) a combination of any two or more of (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv),
wherein the substrate is comprised in a plasmonic device, wherein the plasmonic device comprises an optical-to-electrical signal transducer a surface-plasmon polariton transmitter, or an infrared-reflecting window.

2. An article, comprising:
a substrate,
the substrate having disposed thereon a coating that comprises a M n+1 X n (L) composition having multiple layers, each layer having a first and second surface,
each layer comprising
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,
each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M n+1 X n , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M,
wherein M is at least one Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 metal,
wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof and
n=1, 2, or 3;
wherein at least one of said surfaces of the layers has surface terminations, T s , independently comprising alkoxide, alkyl, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, sulfonate, thiol, or a combination thereof,
said coating being electrically conductive and exhibiting:
(i) a resistivity in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1000 micro-ohm-meters;
(ii) an ability to transmit at least about 50% of incident light of at least one wavelength in a range of from about 300 nm to about 2000 nm
(iii) a ratio of DC conductivity, measured in Siemens/meter, to light absorbance, (including visible light absorbance), measured as a decadic absorbance per meter, of at least 0.1 Siemens measured at least one wavelength in the range of 300 to 2500 nm;
(iv) a value of the real dielectric permittivity less than negative one for wavelengths greater than a threshold wavelength; or
(v) a combination of any two or more of (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv),
wherein the substrate is comprised in a metamaterial, wherein the metamaterial comprises cloaking material, transformational optic component, or a superlens.

3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating exhibits a resistivity in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1000 micro-ohm-meters.

4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating exhibits an ability to transmit at 50% of incident light of at least one wavelength in a range of from about 300 nm to about 2000 nm.

5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating exhibits a ratio of DC conductivity, measured in Siemens/meter, to light absorbance, (including visible light absorbance), measured as a decadic absorbance per meter, of at least 0.1 Siemens measured at at least one wavelength in the range of 300 to 2500 nm.

6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating exhibit a value of the real dielectric permittivity less than negative one for wavelengths greater than a threshold wavelength.

7. An article, comprising:
a substrate,
the substrate having disposed thereon a coating that comprises a M n+1 X n (T s ) composition having multiple layers, each layer having a first and second surface,
each layer comprising
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,
each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M n+1 X n , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M,
wherein M is at least one Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 metal,
wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof and
n=1, 2, or 3;
wherein at least one of said surfaces of the layers has surface terminations, T s , independently comprising alkoxide, alkyl, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, sulfonate, thiol, or a combination thereof,
said coating being electrically conductive and exhibiting:
(i) a resistivity in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1000 micro-ohm-meters;
(ii) an ability to transmit at least about 50% of incident light of at least one wavelength in a range of from about 300 nm to about 2000 nm
(iii) a ratio of DC conductivity, measured in Siemens/meter, to light absorbance, (including visible light absorbance), measured as a decadic absorbance per meter, of at least 0.1 Siemens measured at least one wavelength in the range of 300 to 2500 nm;
(iv) a value of the real dielectric permittivity less than negative one for wavelengths greater than a threshold wavelength; or
(v) a combination of any two or more of (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv),
wherein the M n+i X n (T s ) composition comprises a plurality of M n+1 X n (T s ) platelets having at least one mean lateral dimension in a range or from about 0.1 micron to about 50 microns.

8. The article of claim 1 , wherein M is at least one of Hf, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Sc Ta, Ti, V, W or Zr.

9. The article of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n comprises Sc 2 C, Sc 2 N, Ti 2 C, Ti 2 N, V 2 C, V 2 N, Cr 2 C, Cr 2 N, Zr 2 C, Zr 2 N, Nb 2 C, Nb 2 N, Hf 2 C, Hf 2 N, Ta 2 C, Mo 2 C, Ti 3 C 2 , Ti 3 N 2 , V 3 C 2 , Ta 3 C 2 , Ta 3 N 2 , Mo 3 C 2 , (Cr 2/3 Ti 1/2 ) 3 C 2 , Ti 4 C 3 , Ti 4 N 3 , V 4 C 3 , V 4 N 3 , Ta 4 C 3 , Ta 4 N 3 , Nb 4 C 3 , or a combination thereof.

10. An article, comprising:
a substrate,
the substrate having disposed thereon a coating that comprises a M n+1 X n (T s ) composition having multiple layers, each layer having a first and second surface,
each layer comprising
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,
each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M n+1 X n , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M,
wherein M is at least one Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 metal,
wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof and
n=1, 2, or 3;
wherein at least one of said surfaces of the layers has surface terminations, T s , independently comprising alkoxide, alkyl, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, sulfonate, thiol, or a combination thereof, said coating being electrically conductive and exhibiting:
(i) a resistivity in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1000 micro-ohm-meters;
(ii) an ability to transmit at least about 50% of incident light of at least one wavelength in a range of from about 300 nm to about 2000 nm
(iii) a ratio of DC conductivity, measured in Siemens/meter, to light absorbance, (including visible light absorbance), measured as a decadic absorbance per meter, of at least 0.1 Siemens measured a

Assignees

• Univ Drexel

Inventors

• Ghidiu Michael J
• Barsoum Michel W
• Gogotsi Yury
• Fafarman Aaron Thomas
• Dillon Andrew Devries

Classifications

• H10H20/833

  Transparent materials · CPC title

• H10F77/244 Primary

  made of transparent conductive layers, e.g. transparent conductive oxide [TCO] layers · CPC title

• C04B35/58

  based on borides, nitrides, {i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides} or silicides {(containing free binder metal C22C29/00)} · CPC title

• H10K50/805

  Electrodes · CPC title

• C04B2235/3203

  Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof · CPC title