Through tubing cement evaluation using borehole resonance mode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11970931-B2
Application number	US-202117336155-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 1, 2021
Priority date	Jun 1, 2021
Publication date	Apr 30, 2024
Grant date	Apr 30, 2024

Abstract

A method and system for identifying bonding between a material and tubing. The method may include disposing an acoustic logging tool in a wellbore, wherein the acoustic logging tool comprises a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver, broadcasting a shaped signal with the transmitter such that the shaped signal interacts with a boundary of a casing and a material and recording a result signal from the boundary with the receiver. The method may further comprise identifying a cut-off time to be applied to the result signal, transforming the result signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, selecting one or more modes sensitive to a bonding at the boundary between the casing and the material, computing a decay rate of the one or more modes that were selected based at least one or more decay curves, and converting the decay rate to a bonding log.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method, comprising:
disposing an acoustic logging tool in a wellbore;
broadcasting a shaped signal with the acoustic logging tool such that the shaped signal interacts with a boundary of a casing and a material;
recording a result signal from the boundary with the acoustic logging tool;
identifying a cut-off time to be applied to the result signal;
transforming the result signal from a time domain to a frequency domain;
selecting one or more modes sensitive to a bonding at the boundary between the casing and the material;
computing a decay rate of the one or more modes that were selected based at least one or more decay curves; and
converting the decay rate to a bonding log.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises air, water, borehole fluid, gas, oil, cement, or any combinations thereof.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acoustic logging tool further comprises a transmitter that is a monopole, a dipole, a quadrupole, a unipole, a higher azimuthal order source, or a source with an asymmetrical radiation pattern.

4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising decomposing the result signal from the monopole, the dipole, the quadrupole, the unipole, the higher azimuthal order receiver, or the source with the asymmetrical given mode shape.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising dividing the result signal into one or more early time arrival waveforms and one or more late time arrival waveforms, wherein the result signal is between 5 and 100 kHz.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the cut-off time removes the one or more early time arrival waveforms.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a filter to the one or more modes to form a filtered signal.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising extracting one or more amplitudes from the filtered signal.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the decay rate is computed from the one or more amplitudes.

10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising calculating a decay coefficient by fitting the one or more amplitudes to a decay function or calculating a ratio of the one or more amplitudes from a first time window and a second time window.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising decomposing the result signal to a time-frequency domain and extracting one or more amplitudes at a selected frequency to identify the decay rate of the selected frequency.

12. A well measurement system comprising:
an acoustic logging tool, wherein the acoustic logging tool comprises:
at least one transmitter, wherein the at least one transmitter is configured to broadcast a shaped signal such that the shaped signal interacts with a boundary of a casing and a material; and
at least one receiver, wherein the at least one receiver is configured to record a resulted signal from the boundary with the receiver;

a conveyance, wherein the conveyance is attached to the acoustic logging tool; and
an information handling system, wherein the information handling system is configured to:
identify a cut-off time to be applied to the result signal;
transform the result signal from a time domain to a frequency domain;
select one or more modes sensitive to a bonding at the boundary between the casing and the material;
compute a decay rate of the one or more modes that were selected to find a decay curve; and
convert the decay curve to a bonding log.

13. The well measurement system of claim 12 , wherein the material comprises air, water, borehole fluid, gas, oil, cement, or any combinations thereof.

14. The well measurement system of claim 12 , wherein the transmitter is a monopole, a dipole, a quadrupole, a higher azimuthal order source, or a source with an asymmetrical radiation pattern.

15. The well measurement system of claim 14 , wherein the information handling system is further configured to decompose the result signal from the transmitter or the receiver.

16. The well measurement system of claim 12 , wherein the information handling system is further configured to divide the result signal into one or more early time arrival waveforms and one or more late time arrival waveforms, wherein the result signal is between 20 and 100 kHz.

17. The well measurement system of claim 16 , wherein the cut-off time removes the one or more early time arrival waveforms.

18. The well measurement system of claim 12 , wherein the information handling system is further configured to apply a filter to the one or more modes to form a filtered signal.

19. The well measurement system of claim 18 , wherein the information handling system is further configured to select one or more amplitudes from the filtered signal, wherein the decay rate is computed from the one or more amplitudes, and calculate a decay coefficient by fitting the one or more amplitudes to a decay function or calculating a ratio of the one or more amplitudes from a first time window and a second time window.

20. The well measurement system of claim 12 , wherein the information handling system is further configured to decompose the result signal to a time-frequency domain and extracting one or more amplitudes at a selected frequency to identify the decay rate of the selected frequency.

Assignees

• Halliburton Energy Services Inc

Inventors

• Ge Yao
• Ma Ho Yin
• Wang Ruijia
• Jin Jing
• Troca Cabella Brenno Caetano
• Wu Xiang

Classifications

• E21B47/005 Primary

  Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level · CPC title

• E21B47/0025

  generating an image of the borehole wall using down-hole measurements, e.g. acoustic or electric · CPC title

• E21B47/007

  Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing (for locating blocked portions of pipes E21B47/09) · CPC title

• E21B47/085

  using radiant means, e.g. acoustic, radioactive or electromagnetic · CPC title

• E21B47/14

  using acoustic waves · CPC title