Pulse turbo charging exhaust system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11933207-B2
Application number	US-202217808441-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 23, 2022
Priority date	Jun 23, 2022
Publication date	Mar 19, 2024
Grant date	Mar 19, 2024

Abstract

Exhaust systems are described. In examples, an exhaust flow path couples exhaust ports with one or more turbochargers of an engine. The exhaust flow path may have a portion flowing through a cylinder head (e.g., couplable to the exhaust ports) and a portion flowing through an exhaust manifold (couplable to the cylinder head and the turbocharger(s)). The flow paths may be shaped to reduce the sharpness of turns between the exhaust ports and the turbocharger(s). For example, curves along the flow path may be less than 90 degrees or have a minimum curve radius, which may vary along the flow path. Additionally, at least two, independent flow paths may exist between the exhaust ports and the turbocharger(s). The cross-sectional shape of any part of the flow path may be elliptical, including at inlets and outlets.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A combustion engine comprising:
a cylinder head including:
at least four exhaust ports to receive exhaust gases produced by cylinders of the combustion engine;
at least four cylinder head outlets; and
at least four cylinder head flow paths defined within the cylinder head and fluidly coupling each of the exhaust ports with at least one of the cylinder head outlets;

an exhaust manifold including:
a first end having exhaust manifold inlets, wherein the first end is couplable to the side of the cylinder head to fluidly couple the exhaust manifold inlets with the cylinder head outlets;
a second end having a first exhaust manifold outlet and a second exhaust manifold outlet;
a first exhaust manifold flow path internal to the exhaust manifold that fluidly couples at least two cylinder head flow paths of the at least four cylinder head flow paths with a first set of three exhaust manifold inlets and the first exhaust manifold outlet via at least three branches, wherein the first exhaust manifold flow path is bisectable by a plane, wherein the at least three branches include a central branch having a straight portion, an outer branch having an outer curvature, and a middle branch between the central branch and the outer branch having a maximum curvature that is less than the outer curvature of the outer branch; and
a second exhaust manifold flow path internal to the exhaust manifold, separate from the first exhaust manifold flow path, that fluidly couples at least two cylinder head flow paths of the at least four cylinder head flow paths to the second exhaust manifold outlet.

2. The combustion engine of claim 1 , wherein the exhaust manifold further includes a second set of three exhaust manifold inlets, and wherein the second set of three exhaust manifold inlets is fluidly coupled to the second exhaust manifold outlet via the second exhaust manifold flow path.

3. The combustion engine of claim 2 , wherein the exhaust manifold is symmetric about a symmetry plane between the first exhaust manifold flow path and the second exhaust manifold flow path.

4. The combustion engine of claim 3 , wherein the central branch is closest to the symmetry plane and the outer branch is furthest from the symmetry plane.

5. The combustion engine of claim 4 , wherein the outer curvature has a minimum radius of 90 mm.

6. The combustion engine of claim 4 , wherein the central branch intersects the first end of the exhaust manifold at a first angle, the middle branch intersects the first end of the exhaust manifold at a second angle, and the outer branch intersects the first end of the exhaust manifold at a third angle, wherein the first angle is greater than the second angle, and the second angle is greater than the third angle.

7. The combustion engine of claim 6 , wherein the at least four cylinder head flow paths internal to the cylinder head include six cylinder head flow paths, and wherein the six cylinder head flow paths are curved based on the first angle of the central branch of the exhaust manifold, the second angle of the middle branch of the exhaust manifold, and the third angle of the outer branch of the exhaust manifold.

8. The combustion engine of claim 4 , wherein the central branch, the outer branch, the middle branch, and at least a portion of the at least four cylinder head flow paths have an equal diameter.

9. The combustion engine of claim 1 , wherein the first exhaust manifold outlet, at least one of the exhaust ports, and the second exhaust manifold outlet are elliptical.

10. The combustion engine of claim 9 , wherein the at least one exhaust port, the first exhaust manifold outlet, and the second exhaust manifold outlet are circular.

11. An exhaust system defining an exhaust flow path for an engine, the exhaust flow path comprising:
a set of exhaust inlets fluidly couplable to at least two exhaust ports of the engine, the set of exhaust inlets including a first exhaust inlet and a second exhaust inlet;
a first exhaust manifold outlet fluidly couplable to a first turbocharger of the engine;
a second exhaust manifold outlet fluidly couplable to a second turbocharger of the engine;
a first flow path coupling the first exhaust inlet to the first exhaust outlet; and
a second flow path coupling the second exhaust inlet to the second exhaust outlet, wherein the second flow path is independent from and symmetric to the first flow path, and wherein a radius of any curvature along the second flow path is at least 90 mm.

12. The exhaust system of claim 11 , wherein the set of exhaust inlets includes at least six exhaust inlets, and wherein the first flow path and the second flow path each has an outer branch, a middle branch, and a central branch extending along a plane.

13. The exhaust flow path of claim 12 , wherein the central branch curves at a central minimum radius of at least 150 mm.

14. The exhaust flow path of claim 13 , wherein a middle minimum radius of the middle branch has a radius less than the central minimum radius.

15. The exhaust flow path of claim 12 , wherein the central branch includes a straight portion.

16. The exhaust flow path of claim 11 , wherein the first flow path and the second flow path are symmetric about a symmetry plane, wherein the first flow path and the second flow path each includes a cylinder head portion and an exhaust manifold portion, wherein the cylinder head portion and the exhaust manifold portion are coupled at a coupling surface plane substantially perpendicular to the symmetry plane.

17. The exhaust flow path of claim 16 , wherein an outer branch of each of the first flow path and the second flow path intersects the attachment line at an angle smaller than a middle branch or a central branch.

18. An exhaust manifold having an exhaust flow path, the exhaust manifold comprising:
a first end including a first set of three inlets and a second set of three inlets;
a second end including a first outlet and a second outlet;
an exterior wall having a minimum radius of 200 mm;
a first flow path internal to the exterior wall of the exhaust manifold, the first flow path fluidly coupling the first set of three inlets to the first outlet, and wherein the first flow path includes an outer branch, a middle branch, and a central branch; and
a second flow path internal to the exterior wall of the exhaust manifold, the second flow path fluidly coupling the second set of three inlets to the second outlet, and wherein the second flow path is separate from and symmetrical to the first flow path.

19. The exhaust manifold of claim 18 , wherein an outer radius associated with the outer branch has the minimum radius and wherein a middle minimum radius associated with the middle branch and a central minimum radius associated with the central branch are each greater than the minimum radius.

20. The exhaust manifold of claim 18 , wherein at least a portion of the exterior wall associated with the central branch is straight.

Assignees

• Paccar Inc

Inventors

• Bonsen Greg
• Hancock Paul
• Yang Huateng
• Lee Chang-Wook
• Lebastard Olivier

Classifications

• F01N13/10 Primary

  of exhaust manifolds {(with cooling jacket F01N3/046)} · CPC title

• F02B37/001

  using exhaust drives arranged in parallel · CPC title

• F02B2075/1824

  six · CPC title

• F02B37/025

  Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive · CPC title

• F02F2001/4278

  Exhaust collectors · CPC title