Laser diode firing system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11923658-B1
Application number	US-202217653994-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	Mar 8, 2022
Priority date	Sep 30, 2013
Publication date	Mar 5, 2024
Grant date	Mar 5, 2024

Abstract

A laser diode firing circuit for a light detection and ranging device is disclosed. The firing circuit includes a laser diode coupled in series to a transistor, such that current through the laser diode is controlled by the transistor. The laser diode is configured to emit a pulse of light in response to current flowing through the laser diode. The firing circuit includes a capacitor that is configured to charge via a charging path that includes an inductor and to discharge via a discharge path that includes the laser diode. The transistor controlling current through the laser diode can be a Gallium nitride field effect transistor.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus, comprising:
a voltage source;
an inductor;
a plurality of firing circuits connected in parallel and coupled to the voltage source via the inductor, wherein each firing circuit comprises:
a capacitor;
a diode coupled to the capacitor, wherein the capacitor is charged by the voltage source via the inductor when the diode is forward biased;
a light emitting element; and
a transistor coupled to the capacitor and the light emitting element, wherein the transistor is configured to cause the capacitor to discharge through the light emitting element thereby causing the light emitting element to emit light.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a driver circuit configured to turn the transistors in the firing circuits on and off.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the transistors in the firing circuits are Gallium nitride field effect transistors (GaNFETs).

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the driver circuit is configured to apply voltage to a gate of a GaNFET to selectively turn the GaNFET on and off.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the driver circuit is configured to discharge the firing circuits at substantially a same time by applying voltage to each of the GaNFETs in the firing circuits.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each firing circuit further comprises a discharge diode connected across the light emitting element.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a snubber circuit connected across the inductor.

8. A method, comprising:
charging a plurality of firing circuits connected in parallel via a single inductor, wherein each firing circuit comprises a capacitor, a diode, a light emitting element, and a transistor, wherein charging each respective firing circuit comprises forward biasing the diode in the respective charging circuit and charging the capacitor in the respective firing circuit via the single inductor and the forward biased diode; and
discharging the plurality of firing circuits, wherein discharging each respective firing circuit comprises the transistor in the respective firing circuit causing the capacitor in the respective firing circuit to discharge through the light emitting element in the respective firing circuit thereby causing the light emitting element in the respective firing circuit to emit light.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the transistor in the respective firing circuit causing the capacitor in the respective firing circuit to discharge through the light emitting element in the respective firing circuit comprises applying a first voltage to the transistor by a driver circuit.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein discharging the plurality of firing circuits comprises discharging each of the firing circuits at substantially a same time by the driver circuit applying the first voltage to each transistor in each firing circuit in the plurality of firing circuits.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the transistors in the firing circuits are Gallium nitride field effect transistors (GaNFETs), and wherein applying the first voltage to each transistor in each firing circuit in the plurality of firing circuits comprises applying the first voltage to the gate of each GaNFET.

12. The method of claim 9 , wherein charging the plurality of firing circuits occurs when the transistors in the firing circuits are off.

13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:
turning off the transistors in the firing circuits by the driver circuit applying a second voltage to the transistors in the firing circuits.

14. The method of claim 8 , wherein discharging each respective firing circuit further comprises discharging an internal capacitance of the light emitting element in the respective firing circuit via a discharge diode coupled across the light emitting element in the respective firing circuit.

15. A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) device comprising:
a light source, the light source comprising:
a voltage source;
an inductor; and
a plurality of firing circuits connected in parallel and coupled to the voltage source via the inductor, wherein each firing circuit comprises:
a capacitor;
a diode coupled to the capacitor, wherein the capacitor is charged by the voltage source via the inductor when the diode is forward biased;
a light emitting element; and
a transistor coupled to the capacitor and the light emitting element, wherein the transistor is configured to cause the capacitor to discharge through the light emitting element thereby causing the light emitting element to emit light;

a light sensor configured to detect a reflected light signal comprising light from the light source reflected by a reflective object; and
a controller configured to determine a distance to the reflective object based on the reflected light signal.

16. The LIDAR device of claim 15 , further comprising a driver circuit configured to turn the transistors in the firing circuits on and off.

17. The LIDAR device of claim 16 , wherein the transistors in the firing circuits are Gallium nitride field effect transistors (GaNFETs), and wherein the driver circuit is configured to apply voltage to a gate of a GaNFET to selectively turn the GaNFET on and off.

18. The LIDAR device of claim 17 , wherein the driver circuit is configured to discharge the firing circuits at substantially a same time by applying voltage to each of the GaNFETs in the firing circuits.

19. The LIDAR device of claim 15 , wherein each firing circuit further comprises a discharge diode connected across the light emitting element.

20. The LIDAR device of claim 15 , further comprising a snubber circuit connected across the inductor.

Assignees

• Waymo Llc

Inventors

• Lenius Samuel William
• Droz Pierre-Yves

Classifications

• H01S5/0428 Primary

  for applying pulses to the laser · CPC title

• G01S7/484

  Transmitters · CPC title

• G01S17/06

  Systems determining position data of a target · CPC title

• H01S5/06216

  Pulse modulation or generation · CPC title

• G01S17/10

  using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves (determination of distance by phase measurements G01S17/32) · CPC title