Hypervisor hot restart

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11880702-B2
Application number	US-202217882305-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 5, 2022
Priority date	Apr 15, 2020
Publication date	Jan 23, 2024
Grant date	Jan 23, 2024

Abstract

Hot restart of a hypervisor by replacing a running first hypervisor by a second hypervisor with minimally perceptible downtime to guest partitions. A first hypervisor is executed on a computing system. The first hypervisor is configured to create one or more guest partitions. During the hot restart, a service partition is generated and initialized with a second hypervisor. At least a portion of runtime state of the first hypervisor is migrated and synchronized to the second hypervisor using inverse hypercalls. After the synchronization, the second hypervisor is devirtualized from the service partition to replace the first hypervisor. Devirtualizing includes transferring control of hardware resources from the first hypervisor to the second hypervisor, using the previously migrated and synchronized runtime state.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A computing system comprising:
at least one processor; and
at least one hardware storage device having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by the at least one processor to cause the computing system to:
initialize, using a first hypervisor of the computing system, a service partition within the computing system;
initialize, using the first hypervisor and system invariants of the computing system, a second hypervisor within the service partition;
synchronize a runtime state of the first hypervisor and the second hypervisor; and
replace the first hypervisor with the second hypervisor by devirtualizing the second hypervisor from the service partition.

2. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein the first hypervisor executes at a highest privilege level defined by a system architecture of the computing system.

3. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein the computing system includes a hosted virtual machine system in which the first hypervisor is installed, and wherein the computing system is running a host operating system at a time when the second hypervisor is initialized.

4. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein a processor resource of the at least one processor and a memory resource of the at least one hardware storage device are allocated to the service partition.

5. The computing system of claim 4 , wherein allocating the processor resource includes specifying a total amount of processing power that is available for the service partition.

6. The computing system of claim 4 , wherein allocating the processor resource includes specifying a specific processor as the processing resource.

7. The computing system of claim 4 , wherein allocating the memory resource includes specifying an amount of memory that is available for the service partition.

8. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein initializing the service partition includes a bootstrapping operation.

9. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein a trusted computing base of the computing system facilitates initializing the service partition.

10. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein an operating system (OS) is loaded in a guest partition that is also initialized using the first hypervisor.

11. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein initializing the second hypervisor includes offering the second hypervisor read-only access to a physical resource.

12. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein the runtime state of the first hypervisor includes a hardware architectural state of the computing system.

13. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein communications between the first hypervisor and the second hypervisor are orchestrated via an intermediary computing entity of the computing system.

14. A method for implementing a hypervisor hot restart, the method comprising:
causing a first hypervisor to initialize a service partition in a computing system;
causing the first hypervisor to build a loader block for a second hypervisor in the service partition;
causing the first hypervisor to initialize the second hypervisor within the service partition;
causing the first hypervisor to migrate a runtime state of the first hypervisor to the second hypervisor; and
replacing the first hypervisor with the second hypervisor, wherein replacing the first hypervisor with the second hypervisor includes devirtualizing the second hypervisor from the service partition.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the runtime state includes at least one of a hardware architectural state, a virtualization hardware state, or a software defined state associated with the first hypervisor.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the runtime state includes at least one of a dynamic system state and a logical software state.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the runtime state includes the dynamic system state, and wherein the dynamic system state includes a guest visible hardware architecture state comprising information related to a general purpose register and a control register.

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein migrating the runtime state of the first hypervisor to the second hypervisor includes synchronizing at least one of a second level memory page of the computing system or a page frame number database of the computing system to the second hypervisor.

19. A method for implementing a replacement of a first hypervisor with a second hypervisor in a computing system, said method comprising:
causing a first hypervisor to initialize a service partition in a computing system, wherein the service partition omits an operating system;
causing the first hypervisor to build a loader block for a second hypervisor in the service partition;
causing the first hypervisor to initialize the second hypervisor within the service partition, the initializing using information included in the loader block;
causing the first hypervisor to synchronize a runtime state of the first hypervisor and the second hypervisor; and
replacing the first hypervisor with the second hypervisor by devirtualizing the second hypervisor from the service partition.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the first hypervisor is a part of a trusted computing base of the computing system.

Assignees

• Microsoft Technology Licensing Llc
• Microsoft Tech Nology Licensing Llc

Inventors

• Sherwin Jr Bruce J
• Ramachandran Sai Ganesh

Classifications

• G06F9/45545 Primary

  Guest-host, i.e. hypervisor is an application program itself, e.g. VirtualBox · CPC title

• G06F9/45558 Primary

  Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects · CPC title

• G06F12/1009

  using page tables, e.g. page table structures · CPC title

• G06F16/144

  Query formulation · CPC title

• G06F16/1734

  Details of monitoring file system events, e.g. by the use of hooks, filter drivers, logs · CPC title