Electrolyte and electrochemical device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11830981-B2
Application number	US-201916961826-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 26, 2019
Priority date	Dec 26, 2019
Publication date	Nov 28, 2023
Grant date	Nov 28, 2023

Abstract

An electrolyte, including: a compound of Formula I, and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C 1 -C 10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte, comprising:
a compound of Formula I, and
at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C 1 -C 10 alkyl; and
a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula I comprises at least one of:

wherein the compound of Formula I is 0.05 wt % to 3 wt % of the weight of the electrolyte.

3. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula II and the compound of Formula III comprise at least one of

and
the compound of Formula II, the compound of Formula III or a combination thereof is 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % based of the weight of the electrolyte.

4. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , further comprising an additive, the additive includes at least one of the following: lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate, lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, sodium hexafluorophosphate, potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, or potassium hexafluorophosphate, wherein the additive is ≤1 wt % of the weight of the electrolyte.

5. An electrochemical device, comprising: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator film, and an electrolyte
wherein the electrolyte comprises
a compound of Formula I, and
at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C 1 -C 10 alkyl; and
a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

6. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the separator film comprises a polyolefin layer with a coating on the surface, wherein the coating comprises a metal oxide Me x O y , wherein Me is at least one selected from Al, Mg, Zn, Ti or Zr, 1≤x≤2, and 1≤y≤3; the thickness of the coating is 0.1 micron to 3 microns; and a ratio of the thickness of the coating to the thickness of the polyolefin layer is 1:1 to 1:20.

7. The electrochemical device according to claim 6 , wherein the metal oxide includes at least one of Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, SiO 2 , MgO, TiO 2 or ZrO 2 .

8. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the negative electrode comprises SiO x where 0.5<x<1.5, elemental silicon, or a mixture of thereof.

9. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the electrochemical device has a charging cut-off voltage of ≥4.45V.

10. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the compound of Formula I comprises at least one of:

wherein the compound of Formula I accounts for 0.05 wt % to 3 wt % based on the weight of the electrolyte.

11. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the compound of Formula II and the compound of Formula III comprise at least one of

and the compound of Formula II, the compound of Formula III or a combination thereof accounts for 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % based on the weight of the electrolyte.

12. The electrochemical device according to claim 5 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises an additive, the additive includes at least one of the following: lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate, lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, sodium hexafluorophosphate, potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, or potassium hexafluorophosphate, wherein the additive is ≤1 wt % of the weight of the electrolyte.

13. The electrochemical device according to claim 10 , wherein the separator film comprises a polyolefin layer with a coating on the surface, wherein the coating comprises a metal oxide Me x O y , wherein Me is at least one selected from Al, Mg, Zn, Ti or Zr, 1≤x≤2, and 1≤y≤3; the thickness of the coating is 0.1 micron to 3 microns; and a ratio of the thickness of the coating to the thickness of the polyolefin layer is 1:1 to 1:20.

14. The electrochemical device according to claim 13 , wherein the metal oxide includes at least one of Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, SiO 2 , MgO, TiO 2 or ZrO 2 .

15. The electrochemical device according to claim 12 , wherein the negative electrode comprises SiO x where 0.5<x<1.5, elemental silicon, or a mixture thereof.

16. The electrochemical device according to claim 12 , wherein the electrochemical device has a charging cut-off voltage of ≥4.45V.

17. An electronic device, comprising an electrochemical device, wherein the electrochemical device comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator film, and an electrolyte;
wherein, the electrolyte comprises
a compound of Formula I, and
at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C 1 -C 10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17

Assignees

• Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd

Inventors

• Tang Chao
• Zheng Jianming

Classifications

• H01M10/0568 Primary

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• C07C255/05

  containing at least three cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton · CPC title

• C07D327/00

  Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms · CPC title

• H01M4/366

  as layered products · CPC title

• H01M4/386

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title