Systems, apparatus, and methods for electing a new broker for a channel on an MQTT bus

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11803496-B2
Application number	US-202117515197-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 29, 2021
Priority date	Oct 29, 2021
Publication date	Oct 31, 2023
Grant date	Oct 31, 2023

Abstract

Systems, apparatus, and methods that can elect a broker on a Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) bus are disclosed. One system includes an MQTT bus and a set of client devices on the MQTT bus. Each client device maintains a set of attributes for each other client device and casts one or more votes for a particular client device on the MQTT bus to elect the particular client device as a new broker on the MQTT bus in response to a current broker on the MQTT bus becoming unavailable. The votes cast for the particular client device are based on a first value corresponding to one or more attributes for the particular client device relative to respective second values to the corresponding attribute(s) for each of the other client devices on the MQTT bus as calculated by each respective client device on the MQTT bus.

First claim

We claim:

1. A system, comprising:
a Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) bus; and
a plurality of client devices in communication with each other on the MQTT bus,
wherein each client device in the plurality of client devices is configured to:
maintain a set of attributes for each other client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus, and
cast a set of votes for a particular client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus to elect the particular client device as a new broker on the MQTT bus in response to a current broker on the MQTT bus becoming unavailable,

wherein the set of votes cast for the particular client device are based on a first value corresponding to the set of attributes for the particular client device relative to a respective second value corresponding to the set of attributes for each of the other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus as calculated by each respective client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
each client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus is further configured to receive, on the MQTT bus, a set of heartbeat messages from each other client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus;
each respective heartbeat message comprises update data related to the set of attributes for a client device in the plurality of client devices associated with the respective heartbeat message; and
the code further causes the processor to update the maintained set of attributes for the client device with the update data included in the received respective heartbeat message.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein:
the set of heartbeat messages from each other client device comprises a plurality of heartbeat messages; and
the plurality of heartbeat messages from each other client device are one of:
received at consistent periodic intervals of time,
received at random instances, or
received in response to occurrence of a predetermined event.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
each client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus are further configured to calculate its quantity of votes for the set of votes based on its respective set of attributes.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein:
the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes comprises a plurality of attributes;
each attribute in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes includes a weighted value;
each attribute in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes is assigned a respective quantity of votes corresponding to its weighted value; and
one of:
each attribute in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes includes a same weighted value,
each attribute in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes includes a different weighted value, or
at least two attributes in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes include different weighted values.

6. The system of claim 4 , wherein each attribute in the set of attributes for the client device calculating its quantity of votes corresponds to one of a type of computing device for the apparatus, a type of operating system (OS) on the apparatus, a version of the OS on the apparatus, an amount of time the apparatus has been available on the MQTT bus, a length of time the apparatus has been on the MQTT bus, a time when the apparatus was added to the MQTT bus, a computing capacity of the apparatus, a memory capacity of the apparatus, or an amount of power available to the apparatus.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein each attribute in the set of attributes for each client device corresponds to one of a type of computing device for the apparatus, a type of operating system (OS) on the apparatus, a version of the OS on the apparatus, an amount of time the apparatus has been available on the MQTT bus, a length of time the apparatus has been on the MQTT bus, a time when the apparatus was added to the MQTT bus, a computing capacity of the apparatus, a memory capacity of the apparatus, or an amount of power available to the apparatus.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein each client device is further configured to:
tally all of the votes; and
passively confirm with all of the other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus which client device was elected as the new broker,
wherein:
all of the client devices include a same attribute data for one another and will vote for a same client device to elect the same client device as the new broker based on having the same attribute data for one another, and
each client device the plurality of client devices performs its own independent election without communicating with the other client devices.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein each client device is further configured to:
elect the particular client device as the new broker on the MQTT bus in response to the particular client device receiving a most votes;
perform one or more predetermined tie break processes to elect the new broker on the MQTT bus in response to two or more client devices in the plurality of client devices receiving a same quantity of votes.

10. The system of claim 9 , wherein each client device is further configured to:
reconfigure itself as a broker client device in response to being elected as the new broker on the MQTT bus;
transmit messages to the other client devices in response to reconfiguring itself as the broker device; and
reconfigure itself to recognize the elected client device as the broker on the MQTT bus in response to receiving the messages from the broker client device.

11. The system of claim 8 , wherein:
each client device is further configured to at least one of:
resynchronize its maintained set of attributes for one or more other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus in response to casting its set of votes for a different client device that the other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus, and/or
receive one or more messages from the new broker; and

each client device is further configured to reconfigure itself to recognize the new broker as the broker on the MQTT bus in response to resynchronizing its maintained set of attributes for the one or more other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus and/or receiving the one or more messages from the new broker.

12. An apparatus, comprising:
a processor coupleable to a Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) bus; and
a memory configured to store code executable by the processor to:
maintain a set of attributes for each client device in a plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus, and
cast a set of votes for a particular client device in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus to elect the particular client device as a new broker on the MQTT bus in response to a current broker on the MQTT bus becoming unavailable,
wherein:
the set of votes cast for the particular client device are based on a first value corresponding to the set of attributes for the particular client device relative to a respective second value corresponding to the set of attributes for each of the other client devices in the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus, and
the apparatus is one of the plurality of client devices on the MQTT bus.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein:
the code further causes the processor to receive, on the MQTT bus, a set

Assignees

• Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd

Inventors

• Waltermann Rod D
• Zugasti Alfredo
• Ray Ratan
• Almeida Rodrigo

Classifications

• G06F13/378 Primary

  using a parallel poll method · CPC title

• G06F9/4406

  Loading of operating system · CPC title

• H04L43/10

  Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route · CPC title

• H04L43/0817

  by checking functioning · CPC title

• H04L43/106

  using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps · CPC title