Nozzle for combustion and reforming reaction, combustor, and fuel cell system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11749817-B2
Application number	US-202017085867-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 30, 2020
Priority date	Oct 23, 2020
Publication date	Sep 5, 2023
Grant date	Sep 5, 2023

Abstract

The disclosure provides a nozzle for combustion and reforming reaction including a fuel pipe, a reformer, an activation pipe, an activation catalyst, and a reformation catalyst. The fuel pipe includes an annular wall and an end wall connected to an end of the annular wall. The fuel pipe has at least one vent hole penetrating through the annular wall and at least one outlet penetrating through the end wall. The reformer is disposed in the fuel pipe. The activation pipe is disposed in the fuel pipe and disposed through the reformer. A distance between the activation pipe and the outlet is larger than a distance between the vent hole and the outlet. The activation catalyst is arranged in the activation pipe. The reformation catalyst is arranged in the reformer and located outside the activation pipe. The disclosure also provides a combustor and a fuel cell system having the nozzle.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A nozzle for combustion and reforming reaction, comprising:
a fuel pipe, comprising an annular wall and an end wall connected to an end of the annular wall, wherein the fuel pipe has at least one vent hole penetrating through the annular wall and at least one outlet penetrating through the end wall;
a reformer, disposed in the fuel pipe;
an activation pipe, disposed in the fuel pipe and disposed through the reformer, wherein a distance between the activation pipe and the at least one outlet is larger than a distance between the at least one vent hole and the at least one outlet;
an activation catalyst, arranged in the activation pipe; and
a reformation catalyst, arranged in the reformer and located outside the activation pipe;
wherein the nozzle further comprises an activation guidance pipe, the activation guidance pipe is disposed through the annular wall of the fuel pipe, and is in fluid communication with the activation pipe, and the reformer is located between the activation guidance pipe and the at least one vent hole in an extension direction of the activation pipe;
wherein the nozzle further comprises a first reformation guidance pipe and a second reformation guidance pipe, the first reformation guidance pipe and the second reformation guidance pipe are disposed through the annular wall of the fuel pipe, and are in fluid communication with the reformer, the first reformation guidance pipe is located between the second reformation guidance pipe and the at least one vent hole in an extension direction of the activation pipe, the first reformation guidance pipe is configured for an inlet of gas into the reformer, and the second reformation guidance pipe is configured for an outlet of gas from the reformer;
wherein the nozzle further comprises a ceramic heat storage component, wherein the ceramic heat storage component is disposed at the end wall of the fuel pipe, and the ceramic heat storage component has a porosity smaller than 100%,
wherein the at least one vent hole is not in fluid communication with the reformer.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an area of the at least one vent hole to an area of the at least one outlet ranges between 0.07 and 3.21.

3. The nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an area of the at least one vent hole to an area of the at least one outlet-divided by the porosity of the ceramic heat storage component ranges between 0.07 and 3.21.

4. A combustor, comprising:
the nozzle according to claim 1 ; and
a casing, wherein the nozzle is disposed in the casing.

5. The combustor according to claim 4 , wherein a ratio of an area of the at least one vent hole to an area of the at least one outlet ranges between 0.07 and 3.21.

6. The combustor according to claim 4 wherein the activation guidance pipe is disposed through the casing.

7. The combustor according to claim 4 , wherein the first reformation guidance pipe and the second reformation guidance pipe are disposed through the casing.

8. The combustor according to claim 4 , wherein a ratio of an area of the at least one vent hole to an area of the at least one outlet divided by the porosity of the ceramic heat storage component ranges between 0.07 and 3.21.

9. A fuel cell system, comprising:
a combustor, comprising:
the nozzle according to claim 1 ; and
a casing, wherein the nozzle is disposed in the casing;

a main reformer, connected to the reformer of the nozzle of the combustor; and
a fuel cell stack, having an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet, wherein the anode gas inlet is connected to the main reformer, and the anode gas outlet is connected to the fuel pipe of the nozzle of the combustor.

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 9 , wherein the activation guidance pipe is disposed through the casing, and the fuel cell system further comprises an activation fuel supply connected to the activation guidance pipe.

11. The fuel cell system according to claim 9 , wherein the first reformation guidance pipe and the second reformation guidance pipe are disposed through the casing, and the main reformer is connected to the reformer via the second reformation guidance pipe.

12. The fuel cell system according to claim 9 , wherein the first reformation guidance pipe and the second reformation guidance pipe are disposed through the casing, and the fuel cell system further comprises a reformation fuel supply connected to the first reformation guidance pipe.

13. The fuel cell system according to claim 9 , further comprising a first heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchange has a first heat absorbing section and a first heating section, the main reformer is connected to the combustor via the first heat absorbing section of the first heat exchanger.

14. The fuel cell system according to claim 13 , further comprising a second heat exchanger, wherein the second heat exchanger has a second heat absorbing section and a second heating section, the main reformer has a reformation section and a heating section, the reformation section is connected to the first heat absorbing section, the casing of the combustor is connected to the second heating section of the second heat exchanger via the heating section of the main reformer, and the second heating section is connected to the first heating section.

15. The fuel cell system according to claim 14 , further comprising an air supply, wherein the fuel cell stack has a cathode gas inlet, the air supply is connected to the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack via the second heat absorbing section of the second heat exchanger.

16. The fuel cell system according to claim 9 , wherein the fuel cell stack has a cathode gas outlet connected to the casing of the combustor.

Assignees

• Ind Tech Res Inst

Inventors

• Kuo Pei-Chi
• Yang Cheng-Hao
• Chang Shing-Cheng
• Chan Yen-Hsin
• Chang Wen-Sheng

Classifications

• H01M8/04097 Primary

  with recycling of the reactants (H01M8/04119, H01M8/04104 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M8/04007

  related to heat exchange · CPC title

• H01M8/04738 Primary

  of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner · CPC title

• H01M8/0618

  Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming · CPC title

• H01M8/2457

  with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised · CPC title