Micro-power wireless access method and apparatus for internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11736969-B2
Application number	US-202117621247-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 3, 2021
Priority date	Nov 6, 2020
Publication date	Aug 22, 2023
Grant date	Aug 22, 2023

Abstract

A micro-power wireless access method and apparatus for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment involves a time synchronization process, a traffic channel access process, a control channel configuration information access process, and a control channel burst information access process. In the time synchronization process, an aggregation node determines a delay parameter and other parameters based on a timeslot in which traffic information randomly transmitted by a sensing terminal is located, and the sensing terminal adjusts transmission time of a corresponding frame based on the parameters. The traffic channel access process adopts a mode in which one-way reporting is mainly used, to minimize working time of a sensor. The present disclosure realizes limited two-way communication on a control channel, supports configuration of a sensor cycle, a threshold, and other parameters, and supports a retransmission mechanism on the control channel for important alarm information.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment, wherein the method is applicable to a sensing terminal in the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment, and comprises a time synchronization process, a traffic channel access process, a control channel configuration information access process, and a control channel burst information access process; wherein
in the time synchronization process, the sensing terminal transmits a traffic channel information frame randomly, and an aggregation node determines a delay parameter based on a timeslot in which traffic information of the sensing terminal is located; and the sensing terminal transmits a control channel request frame, receives a control channel response frame that contains the delay parameter, a parameter indicating a traffic cycle length, and a parameter indicating a control cycle length and that is returned by the aggregation node, and adjusts transmission time of the traffic channel information frame and the control channel request frame based on the parameters in the received control channel response frame;
in the traffic channel access process, the sensing terminal performs one-way no-reply transmission in a fixed timeslot of a traffic channel to complete transmission of the traffic information; the sensing terminal is activated from a sleep state to monitor the traffic channel;
and if the traffic channel is busy, the sensing terminal enters the sleep state and waits, based on the traffic cycle length, to be activated next time; or if the traffic channel is idle, the sensing terminal randomly backs off for one piece of random backoff duration, transmits the traffic channel information frame to the aggregation node, enters the sleep state, and then waits, based on the traffic cycle length, to be activated next time;
in the control channel configuration information access process, the sensing terminal is activated in a fixed configuration timeslot, transmits the control channel request frame to the aggregation node, and then is in a reception waiting state for a reply waiting cycle; after successfully receiving one control channel response frame each time, the sensing terminal enters a next reply waiting cycle and waits for receiving a next frame; and after successfully receiving a control channel response end frame, the sensing terminal replies with a control channel acknowledgement frame;
in the control channel burst information access process, the sensing terminal is activated when it needs to report a burst, immediately transmits a control channel burst frame on a control channel, and enters the reply waiting cycle; and if the sensing terminal does not successfully receive the control channel acknowledgement frame, the sensing terminal uses a retransmission mechanism until the sensing terminal successfully receives the control channel acknowledgement frame or a quantity of retransmission times reaches an upper retransmission limit; and
the traffic channel information frame, the control channel request frame, the control channel response frame, the control channel response end frame, the control channel acknowledgement frame, and the control channel burst frame are distinguished by a frame type field in a media access control (MAC) layer frame header.

2. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein in the control channel configuration information access process, when the sensing terminal performs transmission abnormally, the sensing terminal enters the reception waiting state after transmitting the control channel request frame; and if the sensing terminal does not receive a reply within the reply waiting cycle, the sensing terminal enters the sleep state and waits, based on the control cycle length, to be activated next time; and
in the control channel burst information access process, the sensing terminal immediately retransmits the control channel burst frame when the corresponding control channel acknowledgement frame is not received within the reply waiting cycle; and stops retransmission and enters the sleep state if the control channel acknowledgement frame is received within a maximum quantity of retransmissions, or enters the sleep state if the control channel acknowledgement frame is not received after the maximum quantity of retransmissions.

3. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 2 , wherein the MAC layer frame header further comprises communication signaling indication, encryption indication, MAC layer load length, and sensing terminal ID fields; and for the traffic channel information frame and the control channel burst frame, a sensing terminal ID in detection data or alarm data of the sensing terminal is omitted, and only a sensing terminal ID in the MAC layer frame header is retained.

4. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 2 , wherein to reduce interactions in transmission, a plurality of communication instructions are combined into a single frame and then transmitted, and data carried by a single control channel response frame or control channel response end frame cannot exceed an upper MAC load limit.

5. A micro-power wireless access apparatus for a sensing terminal in the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and able to run on the processor, wherein the computer program is loaded to the processor to implement the micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 2 .

6. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the MAC layer frame header further comprises communication signaling indication, encryption indication, MAC layer load length, and sensing terminal ID fields; and for the traffic channel information frame and the control channel burst frame, a sensing terminal ID in detection data or alarm data of the sensing terminal is omitted, and only a sensing terminal ID in the MAC layer frame header is retained.

7. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein to reduce interactions in transmission, a plurality of communication instructions are combined into a single frame and then transmitted, and data carried by a single control channel response frame or control channel response end frame cannot exceed an upper MAC load limit.

8. The micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein physical layer communication between the sensing terminal and the aggregation node supports LORA, BLE, and ZigBee, and a 2.4 GHz frequency band and a 470 MHz to 510 MHz frequency band are selected.

9. A micro-power wireless access apparatus for a sensing terminal in the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and able to run on the processor, wherein the computer program is loaded to the processor to implement the micro-power wireless access method for the Internet of things for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1 .

10. A micro

Assignees

• State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd Res Institute
• Shanghai Inst Microsystem & Information Tech Cas
• State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
• State Grid Corp China

Inventors

• Qin Jianhua
• Lu Yongling
• Liu Hong
• Hu Chengbo
• Wang Zhen
• Yun Chao
• Zheng Min
• Jia Jun
• Zhang Guojiang
• Xu Lingling
• Tao Fengbo
• Huang Qiang
• Liu Ziquan
• Zhu Xueqiong
• Tan Chong

Classifications

• H04W28/0221 Primary

  power availability or consumption · CPC title

• H04W28/065

  using assembly or disassembly of packets · CPC title

• H04W52/0216

  using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame · CPC title

• H04W74/02

  Hybrid access · CPC title

• H04W74/04

  Scheduled access (hybrid access H04W74/02) · CPC title