Gasification reactor adaptable for feedstock with wide particle size distribution

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11713428-B2
Application number	US-202217879769-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 2, 2022
Priority date	Sep 6, 2021
Publication date	Aug 1, 2023
Grant date	Aug 1, 2023

Abstract

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of solid fuel utilization and discloses a gasification reactor adaptable for feedstock with wide particle size distribution, including a reactor body. The reactor body is composed of a first reaction chamber, a second reaction chamber, and a third reaction chamber, which are connected with each other. The side wall of the first reaction chamber is provided with a first vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize the fine feedstock particles in the first reaction chamber and the gasification reaction occurs. The bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a second vent for introducing an oxidant to react with the coarse feedstock particles in the second reaction chamber. The bottom of the third reaction chamber is provided with a third vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize and gasify the incompletely reacted particles in the third reaction chamber.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A gasification reactor adaptable for feedstock with wide particle size distribution, comprising:
a reactor body comprising a first reaction chamber, a second reaction chamber, and a third reaction chamber, which are connected with each other, wherein:
a top of the first reaction chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a gas outlet;
both the second reaction chamber and the third reaction chamber are located below the first reaction chamber, and the third reaction chamber is sleeved on an outer periphery of the second reaction chamber;
a side wall of the first reaction chamber is provided with a first vent, and the first vent is configured for introducing a first gasification agent;
a bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a second vent, and the second vent is configured for introducing an oxidant; and
a bottom of the third reaction chamber is provided with a third vent, and the third vent is configured for introducing a second gasification agent,
wherein a gas collecting device is provided in the first reaction chamber, the gas collecting device comprises a gas collecting hood with a bottom opening and a gas duct, the gas collecting hood is close to the top of the first reaction chamber, one end of the gas duct is connected to the top of the gas collecting hood, and the other end of the gas duct, far from the gas collecting hood, is connected to the gas outlet,
wherein angle-adjustable louvers are provided at the bottom opening of the gas collecting hood, and
wherein an inclined annular distributor is provided in the first reaction chamber near the bottom thereof, and the annular distributor divides an interior of the first reaction chamber into a first annular gas chamber so that the first gasification agent introduced from the first vent enters the first annular gas chamber, and then is evenly spread into the first reaction chamber through holes on the annular distributor.

2. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the gas collecting hood is conical and is located directly below the feed inlet.

3. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , wherein at least one first gas-solid separator is arranged inside the second reaction chamber near the top thereof, the same number of at least one through hole as provided in the at least one first gas-solid separator is opened on an outer wall of the second reaction chamber and the at least one through hole is located between the second reaction chamber and the third reaction chamber, an inlet of the at least one first gas-solid separator is connected to the third reaction chamber via the at least one through hole, and a gas outlet of the at least one first gas-solid separator is connected to the holes on the annular distributor.

4. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor body further comprises a distributor spanning the second reaction chamber and the third reaction chamber, the distributor divides an interior of the second reaction chamber into an oxidant gas chamber so that the oxidant introduced through the second vent enters the oxidant gas chamber, and then is evenly spread into the second reaction chamber through holes on the distributor; the distributor divides an interior of the third reaction chamber into a second annular gas chamber so that the second gasification agent introduced through the third vent enters the second annular gas chamber, and then is evenly spread into the third reaction chamber through the holes on the distributor.

5. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising a heat exchange device, wherein the reactor body further comprises a cooling slag chamber, and the cooling slag chamber is located below the third reaction chamber and is connected to the third reaction chamber, a side wall of the cooling slag chamber is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet and at least one heat exchange medium outlet, the heat exchange medium inlet is connected to an outlet of the heat exchange device, and the at least one heat exchange medium outlet is connected to an inlet of the heat exchange device.

6. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the reactor body further comprises a cooling slag chamber, and the cooling slag chamber is located below the third reaction chamber and is connected to the third reaction chamber, a side wall of the cooling slag chamber is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet and two heat exchange medium outlets comprising an upper heat exchange medium outlet and lower heat exchange medium outlet, the two heat exchange medium outlets are arranged along a height of the cooling slag chamber, the upper heat exchange medium outlet is connected to a heat flow inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger, the lower heat exchange medium outlet is connected to a heat flow inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger, the heat flow inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is also connected to a cold flow outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger, a heat flow outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the third vent, a heat flow outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the second vent, and a cold flow outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet.

7. The gasification reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising a second gas-solid separator and a waste heat recovery equipment, wherein an inlet of the second gas-solid separator is connected to the gas outlet, and a gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator is connected to an inlet of the waste heat recovery equipment.

Assignees

• Univ Huazhong Science Tech

Inventors

• Yang Haiping
• Wang Xianhua
• Shao Jingai
• Zeng Kuo
• Chen Yingquan
• Zhang Xiong
• Yang Qing
• Zhang Shihong
• Chen Hanping

Classifications

• C10J3/721 Primary

  Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages · CPC title

• C10J3/20 Primary

  Apparatus; Plants · CPC title

• C10J3/463

  in stationary fluidised beds · CPC title

• C10J3/48

  Apparatus; Plants · CPC title

• C10J3/84

  with means for removing dust or tar from the gas · CPC title