Fuel cell and fuel cell system for an aircraft

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11695131-B2
Application number	US-202117388177-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 29, 2021
Priority date	Jul 29, 2020
Publication date	Jul 4, 2023
Grant date	Jul 4, 2023

Abstract

A fuel cell to provide a higher power density. The fuel cell can be produced by 3D printing in ceramic and has an improved power density by virtue of its spiral shape. In order to better extract the energy generated by the fuel cell, an interconnector sheet can be fastened positively to fastening knobs of the fuel cell by holding eyes. In addition, the interconnector sheet can be fixed by glass solder.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A fuel cell for a fuel cell system, the fuel cell comprising:
a first fuel cell region that forms a first gas channel for a flow of a fuel through the first gas channel;
a second fuel cell region that forms a second gas channel for a flow of an oxidizer through the second gas channel;
a first distribution tube comprising:
a gas supply region for providing the fuel to the first gas channel of the first fuel cell region; and
a gas discharge region for discharging, from the first gas channel of the first fuel cell region, reaction product and/or any of the fuel that is unconsumed; and

a second distribution tube comprising:
a gas supply region for providing the oxidizer to the second gas channel of the second fuel cell region; and
a gas discharge region for discharging, from the second gas channel of the second fuel cell region, reaction product and/or any of the oxidizer that is unconsumed; and

wherein the first and second gas channels that are formed, respectively, by the first and second fuel cell regions both extend in a circumferential direction around a construction axis;
wherein, when viewed along the construction axis, the first and second distribution tubes are both at least partially surrounded by both of the first and second gas channels of the first and second fuel cell regions, respectively;
wherein the first gas channel comprises a gas inlet region and a gas outlet region, the gas inlet region and the gas outlet region of the first gas channel being arranged such that, when a further first fuel cell region is arranged or formed offset from the first fuel cell region along the construction axis, the gas outlet region of the first gas channel is aligned with and/or fluidically connected to a gas inlet region of a further first gas channel of the further first fuel cell region, the further first gas channel being configured for receiving the flow of the fuel from the first gas channel;
wherein the second gas channel comprises a gas inlet region and a gas outlet region, the gas inlet region and the gas outlet region of the second gas channel being arranged such that, when a further second fuel cell region is arranged or formed offset from the second fuel cell region along the construction axis, the gas outlet region of the second gas channel is aligned with and/or fluidically connected to a gas inlet region of a further second gas channel of the further second fuel cell region, the further second gas channel being configured for receiving the flow of the oxidizer from the second gas channel;
wherein the fuel cell is divided into subsections that each contain a respective portion of each of the first and second gas channels of the first and second fuel cell regions, the first and second distribution tubes being connected for providing, within each of the subsections and in parallel, the respective portion of each of the first and second gas channels contained therein with the fuel and the oxidizer, respectively.

2. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the first gas channel and the second gas channel extend in a circumferential direction about the construction axis in a form of a double helix.

3. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second fuel cell regions comprise a plurality of the first fuel cell regions and a plurality of the second fuel cell regions, the plurality of the first fuel cell regions and the plurality of the second fuel cell regions being arranged along the construction axis such that the first gas channels and the second gas channels are in each case fluidically connected.

4. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein an ion-conductive separating layer is on one of the first and second gas channels or between adjacent gas channels of the first and second gas channels to connect the adjacent gas channels to one another in an ion-conducting manner.

5. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second gas channels, when viewed in a direction of extent thereof, enclose an angle between 30° and 60°, with a plane orthogonal to the construction axis.

6. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second gas channels form a double helix.

7. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second gas channels has a gas channel curvature region and an adjoining gas channel plane region, wherein the gas inlet regions and/or the gas outlet regions are arranged on the gas channel plane region in a middle of the gas channel plane region.

8. The fuel cell of claim 7 , wherein each distribution tube is arranged within a region surrounded by the gas channel curvature region and the gas channel plane region of the first and second gas channels.

9. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second gas channels contains a conductive electrode coating for extracting generated electrical energy from the fuel cell.

10. The fuel cell of claim 9 , comprising interconnector sheets, wherein each interconnector sheet is arranged on one of the first and second fuel cell regions and is embedded in a respective electrode coating for extracting the generated electrical energy from a corresponding one of the first and second fuel cell regions.

11. The fuel cell of claim 1 , where the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell of an aircraft.

12. A fuel cell system for an aircraft, comprising:
a plurality of fuel cells of claim 1 ;
wherein the plurality of fuel cells are arranged in one plane and/or stacked at a distance from each other along the construction axis.

13. An aircraft comprising a fuel cell of claim 1 .

Assignees

• Airbus Defence & Space Gmbh

Inventors

• Zimmermann Kristian
• Hermle Frank
• Friedl Stephan

Classifications

• B64D27/355

  using fuel cells · CPC title

• B64D27/34

  All-electric aircraft · CPC title

• H01M8/04089 Primary

  of gaseous reactants · CPC title

• H01M8/004 Primary

  Cylindrical, tubular or wound · CPC title

• H01M8/0265

  the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections · CPC title