Latent imaging for volume Bragg gratings

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11634528-B2
Application number	US-202016865022-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 1, 2020
Priority date	May 8, 2019
Publication date	Apr 25, 2023
Grant date	Apr 25, 2023

Abstract

Initiator/mediator chemistry for latent imaging polymers for volume Bragg gratings is provided. Light mediated chemistry including the use of nitroxides allows a first step imaging to occur, where a light induced pattern is recorded in the material, without the grating being apparent. A second bleaching/developing step completes the curing process and reveals the grating.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A polymeric material comprising a resin mixture comprising:
a partially or completely polymerized or crosslinked polymer matrix;
a polymer precursor comprising a monomer M; and
a group of Formula I:

wherein IN is an initiating moiety optionally linked to, or part of, the matrix, -[M]- is a polymerized monomer, x is an integer from 0 to 50, and the group of Formula I is anisotropically distributed throughout the polymeric material.

2. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein IN is linked to, or part of, the matrix, as in Formula II:

3. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein IN comprises an alkyl amine or a carboxyl group.

4. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein x is 0, as in Formula III:

and wherein is an optional link to the matrix.

5. The polymeric material of claim 2 , wherein the group of Formula II is selected from the groups of Formulas 101 to 106, wherein is an optional link to the matrix:

6. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein M is selected from an optionally substituted acrylate, an optionally substituted methacrylate, an optionally substituted acrylamide, an optionally substituted methacrylamide, an optionally substituted styrene, an optionally substituted vinyl derivative, and an optionally substituted allyl derivative.

7. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein x is at least 1, and -[M]- is selected from a polymerized optionally substituted acrylate, a polymerized optionally substituted methacrylate, a polymerized optionally substituted acrylamide, a polymerized optionally substituted methacrylamide, a polymerized optionally substituted styrene, a polymerized optionally substituted vinyl derivative, and a polymerized optionally substituted allyl derivative.

8. The polymeric material of claim 2 , wherein Formula II is selected from the groups of Formulas 1001 to 1011:

wherein:
x is at least 1;
R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted heteroalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, and optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl;
R 2 is independently a group of one, two, three, or four independently selected substituents, or no substituent, each substituent independently comprising one or more groups selected from optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted heteroalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl, hydroxy, halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilanyl, —OR a , —SR a , —OC(O)—R a , —N(R a ) 2 , —C(O)R a , —C(O)OR a , —OC(O)OR a , —OC(O)N(R a ) 2 , —C(O)N(R a ) 2 , —N(R a )C(O)OR a , —N(R a )C(O)R a , —N(R a )C(O)N(R a ) 2 , N(R a )C(NR a )N(R a ) 2 , —N(R a )S(O) t R a (where t is 1 or 2), —S(O) t OR a , —S(O) t N(R a ) 2 , —S(O) t N(R a )C(O)R a , (O)P(OR a ) 3 , (S)P(OR a ) 3 , and —(O)P(OR a ) 2 ;
R 3 is selected from optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted heteroalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilanyl, —OR a , —SR a , —OC(O)—R a , —N(R a ) 2 , —C(O)R a , —C(O)OR a , —OC(O)OR a , —OC(O)N(R a ) 2 , —C(O)N(R a ) 2 , —N(R a )C(O)OR a , —N(R a )C(O)R a , —N(R a )C(O)N(R a ) 2 , N(R a )C(NR a )N(R a ) 2 , —N(R a )S(O) t R a , —S(O) t OR a , —S(O) t N(R a ) 2 , —S(O) t N(R a )C(O)R a , —O(O)P(OR a ) 2 , and —O(S)P(OR a ) 2 ;
t is 1 or 2; and
R a is independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted heteroalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, and optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl.

9. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix comprises a polyurethane fragment.

10. The polymeric material of claim 1 , wherein portions of material having a higher concentration of Formula I form a virtual Bragg grating, wherein the grating is characterized by a Q parameter equal to or greater than 5, wherein

Q
=

2
⁢

πλ
0

⁢
d

n
0

⁢

Λ
2

and wherein λ 0 is a recording wavelength, d is the thickness of the recording material, n 0 is a refractive index of the recording material, and Λ is a grating constant.

Assignees

• Meta Platforms Tech Llc

Inventors

• Lane Austin
• Colburn Matthew E

Classifications

• G02B5/1847

  Manufacturing methods · CPC title

• G11B7/24044

  for storing optical interference patterns, e.g. holograms; for storing data in three dimensions [3D], e.g. volume storage (G11B7/24038 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C08F2438/02

  Stable Free Radical Polymerisation [SFRP]; Nitroxide Mediated Polymerisation [NMP] for, e.g. using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl [TEMPO] · CPC title

• G02B5/32

  Holograms used as optical elements · CPC title

• G02B5/203

  having holographic or diffractive elements (diffraction gratings per se G02B5/18; holographic elements per se G02B5/32; generating the spectrum using diffraction elements G01J3/18) · CPC title