Osmotic system and method for food and oxygen production

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11565214-B1
Application number	US-202016739989-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	Jan 10, 2020
Priority date	Jan 10, 2019
Publication date	Jan 31, 2023
Grant date	Jan 31, 2023

Abstract

An osmotic food production system designed to produce fruits, vegetables, and freshwater from urine or saltwater. In some embodiments the osmotic food production system also produces oxygen. In some embodiments, the osmotic food production system is portable and capable of transporting on a vehicle capable of space travel. Embodiments of the present invention can be used to address the existing problems of food production, waste disposal/utilization, oxygen generation, and water conservation in an efficient way to allow for prolonged space travel or colonization of distant planets and moons.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An osmotic device for food and oxygen production, comprising:
an osmotic chamber including a body having an external surface and an internal surface defining a growth chamber disposed to receive one or more agricultural plants therein;
the external surface including a first reservoir containing a first fluid, and a second reservoir containing a second fluid, wherein the first fluid has a lower solute concentration than the second fluid, the external surface further including an air conditioning unit in fluidic communication with the growth chamber, wherein the air conditioning unit conditions the air within the growth chamber to a predetermined temperature;
an osmotic wall abutting at least a portion of the internal surface, the osmotic wall including:
a first partition, a second partition, and a third partition, the second partition residing between the first partition and the third partition, wherein the first and the third partitions are configured to receive the first fluid, and the second partition is configured to receive the second fluid;
a first semi-permeable membrane disposed between the first partition and the second partition, the first semi-permeable configured to permit the first fluid flowing within the first partition to diffuse through the first semi-permeable membrane and into the second fluid flowing within the second partition, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure of the second fluid;
a non-permeable membrane disposed between the second partition and the third partition and configured to prevent either the first fluid or the second fluid from being diffused through the non-permeable membrane;
a second semi-permeable membrane disposed between the third partition and the growth chamber and configured to permit the diffusion of at least a portion the first fluid through the second semi-permeable membrane, such that at least a portion of the first fluid is deposited on a surface of the second semi-permeable membrane;
wherein the air conditioning unit circulates dry air within the growth chamber, such that the portion of the first fluid deposited on the surface of the second semi-permeable membrane is evaporated into the environment within the growth chamber; and

a condenser in fluidic communication with the environment within the growth chamber, the condenser configured to convert the water vapor within the air within the environment to liquid water,
wherein the liquid water is deposited into a nutrient tank configured to supply a nutrient-rich water to one or more agricultural plants.

2. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the external surface further includes an air compressor in fluidic communication with the growth chamber, wherein the air compressor pumps a gas into the growth chamber to pressurize the growth chamber to a predetermined pressure.

3. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the osmotic device further includes an ultra-violet light disposed within the chamber, such that ultra-violet light promotes photosynthesis, sanitizes the growth chamber, and prevent the growth of biofilms.

4. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the osmotic device further includes a PAR light configured to emit photosynthetic active radiation, such that the PAR light promotes photosynthesis.

5. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the first fluid is low concentration urine, and the second fluid is high concentration urine.

6. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the first fluid is low concentration saltwater and the second fluid is high concentration saltwater.

7. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the osmotic device is assembled within a vehicle capable of space travel, wherein when in a low gravity environment, each of the first and the second reservoirs are pressurized to facilitate the movement of the first and the second fluids.

8. The osmotic device of claim 1 , wherein the osmotic device further includes a mobile growing device configured to reside within the growth chamber, wherein the mobile growing device includes:
a frame for supporting one or more troughs arranged in a cascading pattern, each trough configured to grow one or more agricultural plants;
a plurality of wheels coupled to a first end of the frame and configured to permit the movement of the frame in a first direction;
a nutrient tank coupled to the frame having a pump configured to transition the nutrient-rich water from the nutrient tank to the one or more troughs, wherein the water cascades down each of the one or more troughs, such that it is eventually re-deposited back within the nutrient tank.

9. The osmotic device of claim 8 , wherein the nutrient tank includes aquatic life for increasing the nutritional benefit of the nutrient-rich water.

10. The osmotic device of claim 8 , wherein a magnetic dome resides above at least one of the one or more agricultural plants within one or more troughs, such that the magnetic dome protects the agricultural plants from cosmic radiation when the mobile growing device is secured within the growth chamber.

11. The osmotic device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first set of bar magnets are disposed along a portion of the non-permeable membrane; and
a second set of bar magnets are disposed along the second semi-permeable membrane, each of the bar magnets of the first and the second set of bar magnets are disposed parallel;
wherein like poles of the first set of bar magnets and like poles of the second set of bar magnets are oriented towards one another, such that repelling forces prevent the third partition from collapsing under pressure from the first and the second partitions.

12. An osmotic device for food and oxygen production, comprising:
an osmotic chamber including a body having an external surface and an internal surface defining a growth chamber disposed to receive one or more agricultural plants therein;
the external surface including a first reservoir configured to receive a first fluid, and a second reservoir configured to receive a second fluid, wherein the first fluid has a lower solute concentration than the second fluid, the external surface further including an air conditioning unit in fluidic communication with the growth chamber, wherein the air conditioning unit conditions the air within the growth chamber to a predetermined temperature;
an osmotic wall abutting at least a portion of the internal surface, the osmotic wall including:
a first partition, a second partition, and a third partition, the second partition residing between the first partition and the third partition, wherein the first and the third partitions contains the first fluid, and the second partitions contains the second fluid;
a first semi-permeable membrane disposed between the first partition and the second partition, the first semi-permeable configured to permit the first fluid flowing within the first partition to diffuse through the first semi-permeable membrane and into the second fluid flowing within the second partition, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure of the second fluid;
a non-permeable membrane disposed between the second partition and the third partition and configured to prevent either the first fluid or the second fluid from being diffused through the non-permeable membrane;
a second semi-permeable membrane disposed between the third partition and the growth chamber and configured to permit the diffusion of water from the first fluid through the second semi-permeable membrane, such that the water is deposited on a surface of the second semi-permeable membrane;
wherein the air conditioning unit circulates dry air within the growth chamber, such that the water deposited on the surface of the

Assignees

• Florida A&M Univ

Inventors

• Magee Charles

Classifications

• B01D61/08

  Apparatus therefor · CPC title

• A01G9/246

  Air-conditioning systems · CPC title

• C02F2103/08

  Seawater, e.g. for desalination · CPC title

• B01D61/58

  Multistep processes · CPC title

• B01D61/002 Primary

  Forward osmosis or direct osmosis · CPC title