Methods for determining and controlling battery expansion

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11539086-B2
Application number	US-202017099287-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 16, 2020
Priority date	Aug 28, 2014
Publication date	Dec 27, 2022
Grant date	Dec 27, 2022

Abstract

Methods and systems for detecting and compensating for expansion of rechargeable batteries over time. An expansion detector may be coupled to or positioned proximate a rechargeable battery to monitor for expansion thereof. After expansion exceeding a selected threshold is detected, the expansion detector may report the expansion to an associated processing unit. The processing unit may undertake to arrest further rechargeable battery expansion by modifying or changing one or more characteristics of charging and/or discharging circuitry coupled to the rechargeable battery. For example, the processing unit may charge the rechargeable battery at a lower rate or with reduced voltage after detecting expansion.

First claim

We claim:

1. An electronic device, comprising:
a housing;
a rechargeable battery disposed in the housing;
a processing unit configured to control an electrical input provided to the rechargeable battery;
an expansion detector coupled to the rechargeable battery and comprising a first comb element and a second comb element interlaced with the first comb element, the expansion detector configured to:
detect an expansion of the rechargeable battery by detecting a change in electrical resistance between the first comb element and the second comb element; and
send an expansion signal to the processing unit in response to detecting the expansion; wherein:

the processing unit is further configured to modify one or more characteristics of the electrical input in response to receiving the expansion signal.

2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the change in electrical resistance is caused by the first comb element and the second comb element sliding apart as a result of the expansion of the rechargeable battery.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first comb element and the second comb element are positioned along a surface of the rechargeable battery.

4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first comb element and the second comb element are positioned along a surface of the housing.

5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first comb element is positioned along a surface of the rechargeable battery; and
the second comb element is positioned along a surface of the housing.

6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the expansion detector is configured to detect an increase in a dimension of the rechargeable battery; and
detecting the change in electrical resistance between the first comb element and the second comb element comprises determining that the dimension of the rechargeable battery exceeds an expansion threshold.

7. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein modifying the one or more characteristics of the electrical input comprises updating a function used to determine an appropriate voltage of the electrical input.

8. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein modifying the one or more characteristics of the electrical input comprises reducing at least one of a voltage or a current of the electrical input.

9. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the one or more characteristics of the electrical input presents a risk of rechargeable battery expansion.

10. A rechargeable battery for a portable electronic device, the rechargeable battery comprising:
a rechargeable battery module comprising one or more rechargeable battery cells;
a housing containing the rechargeable battery module;
a processing unit;
an expansion detector electrically coupled to the processing unit and comprising:
a first comb element positioned on a surface of the housing;
a second comb element interlaced with the first comb element, wherein the first comb element is configured to move away from the second comb element in response to expansion of the housing, the expansion detector configured to:
detect the expansion of the housing by detecting a change in an electrical resistance between the first comb element and the second comb element based on the first comb element moving away from the second comb element; and
send an expansion signal to the processing unit in response to detecting the expansion; wherein:

in response to receiving the expansion signal, the processing unit modifies one or more characteristics of an electrical input to the rechargeable battery.

11. The rechargeable battery of claim 10 , wherein the expansion detector is coupled to an external surface of the housing.

12. The rechargeable battery of claim 10 , wherein the detecting expansion of the housing comprises detecting a change in a dimension of the housing.

13. The rechargeable battery of claim 12 , wherein detecting the expansion of the housing further comprises determining that the change in the dimension of the housing exceeds an expansion threshold.

14. The rechargeable battery of claim 10 , wherein the housing is a flexible pouch.

15. The rechargeable battery of claim 10 , wherein the housing is a rigid housing.

16. A rechargeable battery package of an electronic device comprising:
a rechargeable battery;
an expansion detector operably coupled to the rechargeable battery and configured to determine a change in a dimension of the rechargeable battery by detecting a change in a resistance between a first comb element and a second comb element; and
a power management unit operably coupled to the rechargeable battery and the expansion detector, the power management unit configured to control an electrical input to the rechargeable battery: wherein:
the expansion detector is further configured to send an expansion signal to the power management unit in response to the expansion detector determining that the dimension of the rechargeable battery exceeds an expansion threshold; and
the power management unit is further configured to modify the electrical input in response to receiving the expansion signal.

17. The rechargeable battery package of claim 16 , wherein the power management unit is further configured to determine whether one or more characteristics of the electrical input present a risk of rechargeable battery expansion.

18. The rechargeable battery package of claim 17 , wherein the power management unit is further configured to determine whether the risk of rechargeable battery expansion exceeds a selected threshold.

19. The rechargeable battery package of claim 17 , wherein determining whether the one or more characteristics of the electrical input present the risk of rechargeable battery expansion comprises at least one of:
determining whether an age of the rechargeable battery exceeds a selected age;
determining whether a charge/discharge cycle count of the rechargeable battery exceeds a selected maximum; or
determining whether an internal resistance measurement of the rechargeable battery exceeds a selected resistance threshold.

20. The rechargeable battery package of claim 16 , wherein modifying the electrical input comprised reducing at least one of a voltage or a current of the electrical input.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Jarvis Daniel W
• Demuro David M
• Dai Hongli
• Malinski Julian
• Marcil Julien
• Lee Meng Chi
• Dinh Richard Hung Minh
• Bhargava Rishabh
• Sterz Steven D
• Mank Richard M
• Manthiri Soundararajan
• Boovaragavan Vijayasekaran

Classifications

• H01M10/445

  in response to gas pressure · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M2010/4271

  Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing · CPC title

• H01M2220/30

  Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop · CPC title

• H01M10/4257 Primary

  Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries · CPC title