Rechargeable electrochemical cell and battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11502285-B2
Application number	US-201716332421-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 11, 2017
Priority date	Sep 19, 2016
Publication date	Nov 15, 2022
Grant date	Nov 15, 2022

Abstract

A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising a negative electrode and a positive electrode is described. The positive electrode comprises a product having as overall formula Lip(Ni x Mn y Co z M m Al n A a )O 2±b , wherein M signifies one or more elements from the group Mg, Ti, Cr, V and Fe, wherein A signifies one or more elements from the group F, C, Cl, S, Zr, Ba, Y, Ca, B, Sn, Sb, Na and Zn, and wherein 0.9<(x+y+z+m+n+a)<1.1, b<0.02, 0.9<p<1.110, 0.30<x<0.95, (y+z)≥0.09, 0≤m≤0.05, 0≤a≤0.05, and 0≤n≤0.15. The negative electrode comprises composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise silicon-based domains in a matrix material. The individual silicon-based domains are either free silicon-based domains that are not or not completely embedded in the matrix or are fully embedded silicon-based domains that are completely surrounded by the matrix material.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. Rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising a negative electrode and a positive electrode,
wherein the positive electrode comprises a mixed metal oxide product having as overall formula Li p (Ni x Mn y Co z M m Al n A a )O 2±b ,
wherein M signifies one or more elements from the group Mg, Ti, Cr, V and Fe,
wherein A signifies one or more elements from the group F, C, Cl, S, Zr, Ba, Y, Ca, B, Sn, Sb, Na and Zn,
wherein 0.9<(x+y+z+m+n+a)<1.1,
wherein b<0.02
wherein 0.9<p<1.1
wherein 0.48<x<0.95
wherein (y+z)≥0.09
wherein 0≤m≤0.05
wherein 0≤a≤0.05,
wherein 0≤n≤0.15,

and wherein the process for preparing the mixed metal oxide product results in molar amount values x, y, z, m, n, and a being consistent throughout the product,
wherein the negative electrode comprises composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise silicon-based domains in a carbon matrix material and graphite, wherein the graphite is not embedded in the carbon matrix material, wherein the composite particles contain between 2 wt % and 35 wt % Si and the silicon-based domains have a weight based size distribution with ads) ranging from 80 nm to 200 nm, and wherein the individual silicon-based domains are either free silicon-based domains that are not or not completely embedded in the carbon matrix or are fully embedded silicon-based domains that are completely surrounded by the carbon matrix material, wherein the percentage of free silicon-based domains is lower than or equal to 4 weight % of the total amount of Si in metallic or oxidized state in the composite particles.

2. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon matrix material is the thermal decomposition product of one or more of the products selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl acrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylic acid, and pitch.

3. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based domains have a weight based size distribution with a d 90 of 1000 nm or less.

4. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the composite particles contain less than 3 weight % of oxygen.

5. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based domains are silicon-based particles.

6. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based domains contain less than 1 weight % of elements other than Si and O.

7. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein the composite particles have an average particle diameter d 50 of between 1 and 20 microns.

8. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein z<0.35.

9. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein n<0.05.

10. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein x>0.70 and y<0.03 and 0.02≤n≤0.11.

11. Electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein n<0.01 and (m+a)<0.02 and z>0.08.

12. A rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell according to claim 1 .

Assignees

• Umicore Nv
• Umicore Korea Ltd

Inventors

• Bridel Jean-Sébastien
• Put Stijn
• Ihm Dongjoon
• Nelis Daniel

Classifications

• H01M4/386 Primary

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title

• H01M4/364

  as mixtures · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M4/134

  Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title