Non-flammable electrolyte for energy storage devices

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11495828-B2
Application number	US-202117472087-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 10, 2021
Priority date	Sep 10, 2020
Publication date	Nov 8, 2022
Grant date	Nov 8, 2022

Abstract

Provided herein are energy storage devices high energy and power densities, cycle life, and safety. In some embodiments, the energy storage device comprise a non-flammable electrolyte that eliminate and/or reduce fire hazards for improved battery safety, with improved electrode compatibility with electrode materials.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A lithium ion energy storage device comprising:
a) a cathode;
b) an anode; and
c) a fire-resistant electrolyte comprising:
i) about 30% to about 90% w/w gamma-butyrolactone;
ii) about 5% to about 50% w/w 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (FEP);
iii) about 0.1% to about 10% w/w lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB); and
iv) about 1% to about 20% w/w lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ).

2. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte further comprises valerolactone.

3. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte further comprises α-methyl-γ-butyrolactone, α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone, delta-valerolactone, or any combination thereof.

4. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the valerolactone is gamma-valerolactone.

5. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte further comprises 1,3-Dioxol-2-one (VC).

6. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 5 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte comprises about 40% to about 80% w/w gamma-butyrolactone.

7. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte comprises about 1% to about 8% w/w lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB).

8. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte comprises about 3% to about 16% w/w lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ).

9. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 8 , wherein the fire-resistant electrolyte comprises about 0.1% to about 10% w/w 1,3-Dioxol-2-one (VC).

10. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the energy storage device is configured for operation at temperatures from about −20° C. to about 40° C., and wherein the energy storage device is configured to retain at least 80% of its capacity after about 800 cycles.

11. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the device is configured for a charge temperature range from about 0° C. to about 45° C., a discharge temperature range from about 0° C. to about 65° C., and a storage temperature range from about −20° C. to about 50° C.

12. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the device comprises an energy density of about 210 Wh/kg, and an internal resistance not exceeding 26 milliohms.

13. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises lithium cobalt oxide.

14. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the cathode comprises one or more of 70% to 99% w/w lithium cobalt oxide, about 0.5% to about 5% w/w polyvinylidine fluoride (PVDF), about 0.1% to about 5% w/w carbon black, or about 0.001% to about 5% w/w graphene.

15. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 14 , wherein the graphene comprises a reduced graphene oxide dispersion.

16. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is a nickel:cobalt:manganese cathode.

17. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 16 , wherein the cathode comprises Ni:Co:Mn at a ratio of about 5:2:3.

18. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 16 , wherein the lithium ion energy storage device is configured as an electric vehicle battery.

19. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is a lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) cathode.

20. The lithium ion energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the lithium ion energy storage device is configured to pass a nail penetration test.

Assignees

• Silq Tech Corporation
• Univ California

Inventors

• El-Kady Maher F
• Mcverry Brian T
• Rao Ethan
• Kaner Richard B

Classifications

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M2300/008

  Halides · CPC title

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title