Metal-air battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11476522-B2
Application number	US-201816154944-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 9, 2018
Priority date	Nov 15, 2017
Publication date	Oct 18, 2022
Grant date	Oct 18, 2022

Abstract

A metal metal-air battery includes: an anode layer including a metal, a cathode layer spaced apart from the anode layer and including a hybrid conductive material having both electron conductivity and ionic conductivity; and a separator disposed between the anode layer and the cathode layer, wherein the hybrid conductive material includes a channel for metal ion transfer from the anode layer and a channel for electron transfer between the cathode and the anode.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A metal-air battery comprising:
an anode layer comprising a metal;
a porous cathode layer spaced apart from the anode layer and comprising a hybrid conductive material having both electron conductivity and ionic conductivity, wherein all spaces and pores in the cathode layer are electrolyte-free; and
a separator disposed between the anode layer and the cathode layer,
wherein a ratio of cation conductivity to electron conductivity of the hybrid conductive material is in a range of about 0.01 to about 100.

2. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid conductive material has an electron conductivity of about 10 −5 Siemens per centimeter or greater.

3. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid conductive material comprises a channel for metal ion transfer and a channel for electron transfer.

4. The metal-air battery of claim 3 , wherein the ratio of the cation conductivity to the electron conductivity of the hybrid conductive material is in a range of about 1 to about 10.

5. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid conductive material further comprises a reaction product of a metal ion and a gas.

6. The metal-air battery of claim 5 , wherein the reaction product comprises a lithium-based oxide, a sodium-based oxide, or a combination thereof.

7. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid conductive material comprises an inorganic material having a perovskite structure, an anti-perovskite structure, a layered structure, a spinel structure, a sodium super ion conductor structure, or a combination thereof.

8. The metal-air battery of claim 7 , wherein the hybrid conductive material comprises lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, or a combination thereof.

9. The metal-air battery of claim 7 , wherein the hybrid conductive material is a solid inorganic compound.

10. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous cathode layer has porosity of about 90 volume percent or less, based on a total volume of the porous cathode layer.

11. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous cathode layer has a specific surface area of about 100 square meters per gram or greater.

12. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous cathode layer has a lamellar structure.

13. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous cathode layer consists of the hybrid conductive material.

14. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the porous cathode layer does not comprise carbon.

15. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the metal-air battery further comprises a gas diffusion layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode layer.

16. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the separator comprises a solid electrolyte.

17. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the metal-air battery does not comprise a liquid electrolyte.

18. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the metal-air battery does not comprise an organic electrolyte.

19. A metal-air battery comprising:
a porous cathode layer consisting of
a plurality of pores and a hybrid conductive material having both ionic conductivity and electron conductivity, or
the plurality of pores, the hybrid conductive material, and a reaction product of a metal ion and a gas,
wherein all pores present in the porous cathode layer are electrolyte-free and wherein the reaction product of the metal ion and the gas is disposed in the plurality of pores;

an anode layer comprising a metal; and
a separator between the anode layer and the cathode layer and comprising a solid electrolyte,
wherein the hybrid conductive material is an inorganic material having a perovskite structure, an anti-perovskite structure, a layered structure, a spinel structure, a sodium super ion conductor structure, or a combination thereof, and
wherein a ratio of cation conductivity to electron conductivity of the hybrid conductive material is in a range of about 0.01 to about 100.

20. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the hybrid conductive material is a solid inorganic compound comprising a metal element, and
wherein the cathode layer does not comprise an organic electrolyte.

21. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the ratio of the cation conductivity to the electron conductivity of the hybrid conductive material is in a range of about 1 to about 10.

22. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the hybrid conductive material is a lithium-based oxide, a sodium-based oxide, or a combination thereof.

23. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the hybrid conductive material is lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, or a combination thereof.

24. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the porous cathode layer has porosity of about 90 volume percent or less, based on a total volume of the porous cathode layer.

25. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the cathode layer does not comprise a carbon-containing material.

26. The metal-air battery of claim 19 , wherein the metal-air battery further comprises a gas diffusion layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode layer.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Lee Heungchan
• Im Dongmin
• Park Hwiyeol
• Lee Hyunchul
• Jeong Huisu
• Lee Junhyeong
• Heo Jin S

Classifications

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/9016

  Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts · CPC title

• H01M4/8605

  Porous electrodes · CPC title

• H01M2004/8689

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title