Two-dimensional, ordered, double transition metals carbides having a nominal unit cell composition M′2M″NXN+1

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11411218-B2
Application number	US-202016894056-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 5, 2020
Priority date	Apr 20, 2015
Publication date	Aug 9, 2022
Grant date	Aug 9, 2022

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to compositions comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising: a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M′2M″nXn+1, such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M′ and M″; wherein M′ and M″ each comprise different Group 11113, WE, VB, or VIB metals; each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; n=1 or 2; and wherein the M′ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; the M″ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and the two dimensional inner arrays of M″ atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M′ atoms within the two-dimensional army of crystal cells.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. A composite, comprising:
a matrix material; and
a crystalline filler composition dispersed within the matrix material,
the crystalline filler composition comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces,
each layer comprising:
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,
each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M′ 2 M″ n X n+1 , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M′ and M″;
wherein M′ and M″ each comprise different Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metals;
each X is C, N, or a combination thereof;
n=1 or 2; and wherein
the M′ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells;
the M″ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and
the two-dimensional inner arrays of M″ atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M′ atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells.

2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material comprises a polymer or a glass.

3. The composite of claim 2 , wherein the polymer comprises a liquid crystal polymer.

4. The composite of claim 2 , wherein the glass comprises a silicate glass.

5. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite has a flexural strength that is independently at least 5% higher than the flexural strength than that exhibited by an otherwise equivalent, but unfilled material.

6. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite exhibits an optical transparency at at least one wavelength in a range of about 250 nm to about 850 nm in a range of from about 0% to at least about 95%.

7. The composite of claim 6 , wherein the composite exhibits an optical transparency at at least one wavelength in a range of about 250 nm to about 850 nm in a range of from about 50% to at least about 95%.

8. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline filler composition comprises between amounts in the range of about 0.1 wt % to about 90 wt %, relative to the combined weight of the matrix and the crystalline filler.

9. The composite of claim 2 , wherein the polymer comprises an organic polymer.

10. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite is in the form of a film, sheet, or ribbon.

11. A method, comprising:
removing substantially all of the A atoms from a compositionally consistent MAX-phase composition having an empirical formula of M′ 2 M″ n AlX n+1 M n+1 AX n ;
wherein M′ and M″ each comprise different Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metals;
wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof,
wherein n=1 or 2, and
wherein the removing effects formation of a crystalline composition comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising: a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M′ 2 M″ n X n+1 , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M′ and M″;
wherein the M′ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; where in the M″ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and wherein the two-dimensional inner arrays of M″ atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M′ atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein at least 50 atomic % of the A atoms are removed from a finally recovered sample, relative to the original MAX phase composition.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein more than about 70 atomic % of the A atoms are removed from a finally recovered sample, relative to the original MAX phase composition.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the removing is effected by an acid.

15. A crystalline composition comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising:
a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M′ 2 M″ n X n+1 , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M′ and M″; wherein M′ and M″ each comprise different Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metals; each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; n=1 or 2; and
wherein the M′ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; the M″ atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; the two-dimensional inner arrays of M″ atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M′ atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and wherein the two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms contain less than 95 atom % M′ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M″ atoms and wherein the two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms contain less than 95 atom % M″ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M′ atoms.

16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms contain less than 98 atom % M′ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M″ atoms and wherein the two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms contain less than 98 atom % M″ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M′ atoms.

17. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms contain less than 90 atom % M′ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M″ atoms and wherein the two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms contain less than 90 atom % M″ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M′ atoms.

18. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms contain less than 85 atom % M′ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M″ atoms and wherein the two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms contain less than 85 atom % M″ atoms, the balance to 100 atom % being M′ atoms.

19. The composition of claim 15 , wherein M′ is Nb, M″ is V, and X is C, wherein M′ is Ta, M″ is Ti, and X is C, wherein M′ is Ta, M″ is V, and X is C, or wherein M′ is Nb, M″ is Ti, and X is C.

Assignees

• Univ Drexel

Inventors

• Barsoum Michel W
• Anasori Babak
• Gogotsi Yury

Classifications

• C30B29/38

  Nitrides · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/58 Primary

  of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• C01P2002/85

  by XPS, EDX or EDAX data · CPC title