Ultrasonic polarizer

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11366552-B2
Application number	US-201916268886-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 6, 2019
Priority date	Feb 6, 2018
Publication date	Jun 21, 2022
Grant date	Jun 21, 2022

Abstract

A polarizer disposed between a transducer and a surface in which acoustic waves propagate can be used to filter out certain types of acoustic energy. For example, the polarizer can be used with a shear-polarized transducer to pass shear waves and filter out compressional waves that may interact with water, thereby improving water rejection. In some examples, the polarizer can include one or more layers of piezoelectric material with a poling direction different than (e.g., orthogonal to) the poling direction of the transducer. Energy of compressional waves may be extracted by one or more external electric circuits. In some examples, the polarizer can be a magneto-elastic polarizer. In some examples, the polarizer can be a mechanical polarizer.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A polarizer for use with a shear-polarized transducer, the polarizer comprising:
a plurality of layers including at least a first layer of a first type of material and a second layer of a second type of material different than the first type of material;
wherein a transmission coefficient of the polarizer for shear waves at one or more first frequencies in a first passband is greater than a first threshold and wherein a transmission coefficient of the polarizer for compressional waves at the one or more first frequencies in the first passband is less than a second threshold less than the first threshold.

2. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a first thickness and the second layer has a second thickness different than the first thickness.

3. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the first type of material has a Young's modulus less than or equal to 5 GPa and the second type of material has a Young's modulus greater than or equal to 20 GPa.

4. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the first type of material is an epoxy and the second type of material is a metal.

5. The polarizer of claim 1 , the plurality of layers further including at least a third layer of a third type of material and a fourth layer of a fourth type of material different from the third type of material, wherein the fourth layer is disposed on the third layer, the third layer is disposed on the second layer, and the second layer is disposed on the first layer.

6. The polarizer of claim 5 , wherein the third type of material is a same type of material as the first type of material and the fourth type of material is a same type of material as the second type of material.

7. The polarizer of claim 5 , wherein the third type of material is a different type of material than the first type of material or the fourth type of material is a different type of material than the second type of material.

8. The polarizer of claim 5 , wherein the third layer has a third thickness and the fourth layer has a fourth thickness different than the third thickness.

9. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of layers comprises interleaved layers with a Young's modulus less than or equal to 5 GPa and layers with a Young's modulus greater than or equal to 20 GPa.

10. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the transmission coefficient of the polarizer for the compressional waves at one or more second frequencies in a second passband is greater than a third threshold and wherein the transmission coefficient of the polarizer for the shear waves at the one or more second frequencies in the second passband is less than a fourth threshold less than the third threshold.

11. A polarizer for use with a shear-polarized transducer, the polarizer comprising:
one or more layers of piezoelectric material, wherein each of the one or more layers of piezoelectric material has a poling direction different than a poling direction of the shear-polarized transducer;
one or more electrodes; and
one or more circuits coupled to the one or more layers of piezoelectric material via the one or more electrodes;
wherein the polarizer is configured to extract and dissipate energy of compressional waves and pass energy of shear waves.

12. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein extracting and dissipating energy of the compressional waves comprises attenuating compressional waves by a threshold amount within at least a first range of frequencies.

13. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein the poling direction of each of the one or more layers of piezoelectric material is orthogonal to the poling direction of the shear-polarized transducer.

14. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein the one or more electrodes comprises a first electrode on a first side of a first layer of piezoelectric material of the one or more layers of piezoelectric material and a second electrode on a second side, opposite the first side, of the first layer of the piezoelectric material.

15. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein the one or more circuits comprise a circuit comprising a resistor coupled between one of the one or more electrodes and a system ground.

16. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein the one or more circuits comprise a circuit comprising a resistor and an inductor coupled in series between one of the one or more electrodes and a system ground.

17. The polarizer of claim 11 , wherein a first layer of piezoelectric material of the one or more layers of piezoelectric material has a first thickness and a second layer of piezoelectric material of the one or more layers of piezoelectric material has a second thickness different than the first thickness.

18. A polarizer for use with a shear-polarized transducer, the polarizer comprising:
one or more layers of piezoelectric material;
one or more electrodes; and
one or more circuits coupled to the one or more layers of piezoelectric material via the one or more electrodes;
wherein the polarizer is configured to extract and dissipate energy of compressional waves and pass energy of shear waves, and wherein extracting and dissipating energy of the compressional waves comprises attenuating the compressional waves by a threshold amount within at least a first range of frequencies.

19. The polarizer of claim 18 , wherein the threshold amount is at least 90% attenuation.

20. The polarizer of claim 18 , wherein the first range of frequencies is wider than 100 kHz and includes frequencies greater than 500 kHz.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Khajeh Ehsan
• Tucker Aaron Scott
• King Brian Michael
• Yip Marcus

Classifications

• G06F3/0416

  Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers · CPC title

• G06F3/0436 Primary

  in which generating transducers and detecting transducers are attached to a single acoustic waves transmission substrate · CPC title