Multiple laser, single resonator lidar

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11353558-B2
Application number	US-201816236487-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 29, 2018
Priority date	Dec 29, 2018
Publication date	Jun 7, 2022
Grant date	Jun 7, 2022

Abstract

Various technologies described herein pertain to multiple laser, single optical resonator lidar systems. A lidar system includes a single optical resonator optically coupled to at least a first laser and a second laser. The optical resonator is formed of an electrooptic material. The first laser and the second laser are optically injection locked to the optical resonator. Moreover, a modulator applies a time-varying voltage to the optical resonator to control modulation of an optical property of the electrooptic material, which causes the first laser to generate a first frequency modulated optical signal comprising a first series of optical chirps and/or the second laser to generate a second frequency modulated optical signal comprising a second series of optical chirps. Further, front end optics transmits at least a portion of the first frequency modulated optical signal and/or the second frequency modulated optical signal into an environment from the lidar system.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A lidar system, comprising:
a first laser configured to operate at a first wavelength;
a second laser configured to operate at a second wavelength, wherein the second wavelength differs from the first wavelength;
an optical resonator that is optically coupled to both the first laser and the second laser, the optical resonator being formed of an electrooptic material, wherein the first laser and the second laser are optically injection locked to the optical resonator;
a controller configured to selectively control operating states of the first laser and the second laser such that one of:
the first laser is enabled and the second laser is disabled; or
the first laser is disabled and the second laser is enabled;

a single modulator configured to apply a time-varying voltage to the optical resonator, the time-varying voltage controls modulation of an optical property of the electrooptic material to cause one of the first laser to generate a first frequency modulated optical signal comprising a first series of optical chirps when the first laser is enabled or the second laser to generate a second frequency modulated optical signal comprising a second series of optical chirps when the second laser is enabled; and
front end optics configured to transmit, into an environment from the lidar system, at least a portion of the first frequency modulated optical signal when the first laser is enabled or at least a portion of the second frequency modulated optical signal when the second laser is enabled.

2. The lidar system of claim 1 , the first wavelength being one of 905 nm, 1550 nm, or 3 μm, and the second wavelength being a differing one of 905 nm, 1550 nm, or 3 μm.

3. The lidar system of claim 1 , the controller configured to selectively control the operating states of the first laser and the second laser based on a desired detection range of the lidar system.

4. The lidar system of claim 1 , the controller configured to selectively control the operating states of the first laser and the second laser based on a moisture level in the environment.

5. The lidar system of claim 4 , further comprising:
a moisture sensor configured to detect the moisture level in the environment.

6. The lidar system of claim 4 , the controller further configured to receive weather data indicative of the moisture level in the environment.

7. The lidar system of claim 4 , wherein the first wavelength is 1550 nm and the second wavelength is one of 905 nm or 3 μm, and wherein the controller is configured to selectively control the operating states of the first laser and the second laser such that:
the first laser is enabled and the second laser is disabled when the moisture level in the environment is below a threshold moisture level; and
the first laser is disabled and the second laser is enabled when the moisture level in the environment is equal to or above the threshold moisture level.

8. The lidar system of claim 1 being included in a vehicle, wherein the controller is configured to selectively control the operating states of the first laser and the second laser based on windshield wiper operation.

9. The lidar system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a sensor; and
processing circuitry;
wherein:
the front end optics are further configured to receive a reflected optical signal, the reflected optical signal corresponds to at least a part of the portion of the first frequency modulated optical signal or at least a part of the portion of the second frequency modulated optical signal that reflected off an object in the environment;
the sensor is configured to mix the reflected optical signal with a local oscillator portion of the first frequency modulated optical signal when the first laser is enabled or a local oscillator portion of the second frequency modulated optical signal when the second laser is enabled; and
the processing circuitry is configured to compute distance and velocity data of the object based on the reflected optical signal mixed with the local oscillator portion of the first frequency modulated optical signal or the local oscillator portion of the second frequency modulated optical signal.

10. A method of operating a lidar system, comprising:
selectively enabling or disabling a first laser of the lidar system and a second laser of the lidar system, wherein the first laser is configured to operate at a first wavelength and the second laser is configured to operate at a differing, second wavelength;
applying a time-varying voltage to an optical resonator of the lidar system, the time-varying voltage being applied to the optical resonator by a single modulator of the lidar system, the optical resonator being optically coupled to both the first laser and the second laser, the optical resonator being formed of an electrooptic material, the first laser and the second laser are optically injection locked to the optical resonator, the time-varying voltage controls modulation of an optical property of the electrooptic material; and
transmitting a frequency modulated optical signal comprising a series of optical chirps generated by an enabled one of the first laser or the second laser into an environment from the lidar system, the modulation of the optical property of the electrooptic material of the optical resonator causes the enabled one of the first laser or the second laser to generate the frequency modulated optical signal.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first laser and the second laser are selectively enabled or disabled based on a moisture level in the environment.

12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first laser and the second laser are selectively enabled or disabled based on a desired detection range of the lidar system.

13. A lidar system, comprising:
a first laser;
a second laser;
an optical resonator that is optically coupled to both the first laser and the second laser, the optical resonator being formed of an electrooptic material, wherein the first laser and the second laser are optically injection locked to the optical resonator;
a single modulator configured to apply a time-varying voltage to the optical resonator, the time-varying voltage controls modulation of an optical property of the electrooptic material to cause the first laser to generate a first frequency modulated optical signal comprising a first series of optical chirps and the second laser to generate a second frequency modulated optical signal comprising a second series of optical chirps;
a beam combiner configured to combine the first frequency modulated optical signal and the second frequency modulated optical signal to form a combined frequency modulated optical signal; and
front end optics configured to transmit at least a portion of the combined frequency modulated optical signal into an environment from the lidar system.

14. The lidar system of claim 13 , the optical resonator is a whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator.

15. The lidar system of claim 13 , the first laser operates at a first wavelength and the second laser operates at a second wavelength, wherein the first wavelength and the second wavelength are the same.

16. The lidar system of claim 13 , the first laser operates at a first wavelength and the second laser operates at a second wavelength, wherein the first wavelength differs from the second wavelength.

17. The lidar system of claim 13 , further comprising:
a beam splitter configured to split the combined frequency modulated optical signal into the portion of the combined frequency modulated optical signal to be transmitted into the

Assignees

• Gm Cruise Holdings Llc

Inventors

• Maleki Lutfollah

Classifications

• G01S7/497

  Means for monitoring or calibrating · CPC title

• G01S7/4815 Primary

  using multiple transmitters · CPC title

• G05D1/0231

  using optical position detecting means (position-fixing by using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. optical position detecting means G01S5/16) · CPC title

• G01S7/4911

  Transmitters · CPC title

• G01S17/931

  of land vehicles · CPC title