Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11332833-B2
Application number	US-201715491715-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 19, 2017
Priority date	Apr 20, 2016
Publication date	May 17, 2022
Grant date	May 17, 2022

Abstract

Nanostructured carbide chemical compound is used to convert carbide to carbon. A method comprising: providing at least one carbide chemical compound and reducing a metal cation with use of the carbide chemical compound to form elemental carbon, wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured. The nanostructured carbide chemical compound can be in the form of a nanoparticle, a nanowire, a nanotube, a nanofilm, a nanoline. The reactant can be a metal salt. Electrochemical reaction, or reaction in the melt or in solution, can be used to form the carbon. The nanostructured carbide chemical compound can be an electrode.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method comprising: providing at least one carbide chemical compound and reducing at least one reactant with use of the carbide chemical compound to form elemental carbon, wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in one dimension and in the form of at least one nanofilm; (2) the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in two dimensions and in the form of at least one nanowire; or (3) the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in three dimensions and in the form of at least one nanoparticle.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the elemental carbon is nanostructured carbon in the form of nanoparticulate carbon.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in one dimension and is in the form of the at least one nanofilm.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the elemental carbon is processed to separate one form of carbon from another form of carbon.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in two dimensions and is in the form of the at least one nanowire.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the elemental carbon is processed to separate carbon from non-carbon material.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured in three dimensions and is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound comprises a rounded surface.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound comprises a flat surface.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound having an average diameter of 1 nm to 1,000 nm.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound having an average diameter of 100 nm to 1,000 nm.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound having an average diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound having an average diameter of 500 nm to 1,000 nm.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound having an average diameter of 1 nm to 500 nm.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of microparticles of the carbide chemical compound and nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound which are bound together with a binder.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound which are bound together with an electronically conductive binder.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanoparticle, wherein the at least one nanoparticle is part of a collection of nanoparticles of the carbide chemical compound which are bound together with a polymeric binder.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of agglomerated nanoparticles.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of particles which are generally spherical.

21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire.

22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire which has an aspect ratio of less than 10.

23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire which has an aspect ratio of greater than 10.

24. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire which is a nanorod.

25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire which is a nanotube.

26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire, wherein the at least one nanowire is part of a collection of nanowires having an average diameter of 1 nm to 1,000 nm.

27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanowire, wherein the at least one nanowire is part of a collection of nanowires having an average diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm.

28. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is at least one nanotube.

29. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is at least one nanotube, wherein the at least one nanotube is part of a collection of nanotubes having an average diameter of 1 nm to 1,000 nm.

30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is at least one nanotube, wherein the at least one nanotube is part of a collection of nanotubes having an average diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm.

31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanofilm.

32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanofilm which is in the form of a nanoline.

33. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanofilm, and the nanofilm is in the form of a nanoline, wherein the nanoline has a line width of 1 mm or less.

34. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanofilm having an average film thickness of 1 nm to 1,000 nm.

35. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at least one nanofilm having an average film thickness of 1 nm to 100 nm.

36. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured carbide chemical compound is in the form of the at l

Assignees

• Univ West Virginia
• West Virginia Res Corporation

Inventors

• Rutt J Steven

Classifications

• C25B11/048

  Organic compounds · CPC title

• C25B11/02

  characterised by shape or form · CPC title

• C25B1/135

  Carbon · CPC title

• C01P2006/40

  Electric properties · CPC title

• C01P2004/64

  Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer · CPC title